Alternatives To Promote Literature Education Essay

In Singapore, the revenue-generating touristry industry has ever been critical for our development. For illustration, it generated about a astonishing S $ 14.1 billion in tourer grosss in 2007[ 1 ], lending close to 5 % of our GDP ( Gross Domestic Product ) . In recent old ages, our touristry industry has shown marks of stagnancy, even with the attempts by Singapore Tourism Board ( STB ) to advance touristry. Diagram 1 shows the Butler ‘s Tourism Life-Cycle Model that illustrates the five chief phases that every state ‘s touristry industry will undergo. Every state will first get down at the geographic expedition phase and travel along the Cycle from Stage 1 onwards, as its touristry industry grows and develops. In 2003, there was grounds that Singapore was at the 4th phase, stagnancy, evident from the undermentioned grounds: The worsening growing in visitant Numberss Singapore ‘s touristry growing has been stagnating or even worsening since 1997 – 2003. Harmonizing to touristry informations, the figure of tourer reachings has been stagnating between 6 million to 7.5 million during this period, and for some old ages it has shown a negative per centum alteration from the old twelvemonth. The per centum alterations for these old ages are as follows: -1.30 % ( 1997 ) , -13.28 % ( 1998 ) , -2.20 % ( 2001 ) and -19.04 % ( 2003 ) .[ 2 ] Short tourer corsets On norm, tourers were merely remaining for 2 to 3 yearss, clearly demoing that Singapore ‘s tourer attractive forces were losing their entreaty.[ 3 ] Therefore, the Singapore Tourism Board ( STB ) attempted to rejuvenate touristry, and to farther promote Singapore as a tourer finish by utilizing alternate attacks which we will analyze below: Advantages Disadvantages Convention: Ad Since 1990, Singapore has used runs to actively advance Singapore as a tourer finish. These runs use a multi-pronged attack to advance Singapore, such as through utilizing different signifiers of media for these advertisement runs. In 2004, STB used the tagline † Uniquely Singapore † to look the run to advance Singapore as a vibrant and voguish tourer finish. The current run ( since 2010 ) has the tagline â€Å" Your Singapore † , and aims to advance Singapore as an exciting finish. For illustration, STB has designed an synergistic web site ( YourSingapore.com ) to foreground the exciting and alone entreaties of Singapore ‘s touristry industry. The runs raise planetary consciousness of Singapore ‘s touristry and heighten our image. Requires capital which could hold been used to develop other countries, e.g. health care. Thus the demand for the S $ 2A ­billion Tourist Development Fund, of which a part of it was used for such candidacies ( merchandise development ) . The intent of this Fund is as follows: ( a ) Infrastructure Development: Developing critical substructure to back up touristry growing ( B ) Capability Development: Enhancing the capableness of Singapore-based travel and touristry participants every bit good as pulling universe category travel and touristry concerns and organisations to put up in Singapore ( degree Celsius ) Anchoring Iconic/Major Events: Attracting iconic or mega events that will foreground Singapore as a premier finish for Leisure, Business and Services client sections ( vitamin D ) Merchandise Development: Developing strategic touristry merchandises Can you believe of another disadvantage? I can non happen a manner to reply his first remark: ( Sorry Option: Changing Percepts and Images Singapore ‘s tourer attractive forces are turning older and losing entreaty ; therefore the demand for makeovers. After Jurong Bird park ‘s S $ 10A ­million makeover, visitant Numberss rose by 11 %[ 4 ]. Therefore, STB has allocated capital, through enterprises like BOOST[ 5 ]/Tourism Development Fund[ 6 ], of which a part of the financess are used to upgrade these tourer attractive forces. This alternate purposes to increase the satisfaction degree of tourers here such that they will be more likely to do repetition visits or utilize recommend Singapore as a finish ( viva-voce ) . Ensures that our attractive forces are invariably renewed, to heighten their entreaty to foreign tourers. These upgraded attractive forces can besides profit locals who visit these topographic points and better their satisfaction degree. Option: Collaboration MICE ( Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions ) touristry is one of the fastest turning sectors of the planetary touristry industry today. It involves states join forcesing with event organisers to keep their international events here. Through these events, more than 25 % of visitants to Singapore were attracted due to MICE touristry. Singapore organises around 6000 of such events every twelvemonth[ 7 ], such as the 2009 APEC ( Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ) Summit and the 2007 World Bank International Monetary Fund meeting. Raises Singapore ‘s profile in the universe, because these concern travelers would be exposed to the Singapore civilization and therefore would be more cognizant of our state. Generates gross for the touristry industry and related service suppliers. The Singapore Tourism Board estimates that by 2015, MICE touristry will lend a important 35 % of touristry gross.[ 8 ] Exhibition infinite is required for these concern events. Capital invested by the organizers to engage the needed work force and maintain and run these event infinites is diverted from local development utilizations. In the instance of a letup, the exhibition infinite is besides wasted. Need for options: We see that there was a demand for options because Singapore can non let our touristry industry to flag, due to the economical importance of our touristry industry, as established earlier. However, the effectivity of the convention, advertisement, is limited. The publicity runs conducted by STB purpose to alter favorably the tourer ‘s perceptual experience of Singapore as a tourer finish such that the person will be more likely to pick Singpore as a finish of pick. However, it was shown that merely about advertisement through the mass media merely brings in approximately 60 % of tourers. Therefore there was a demand to utilize other options to supplement the convention. Result: We see that the alternate methods have in fact rejuvenated Singapore ‘s touristry industry such that we are come oning along paths A or B on Diagram 1, because we see that visitant reachings have started on an upward tendency since 2003 and have been go oning on this tendency, which indicates that these options have been successful. I ‘m regretful, I truly can non believe of anything: ( Another manner from which we will travel on to farther measure the degree of success with mention to other lending factors in our Undertaking would be from the point of position of the assorted stakeholders in Singapore ‘s touristry industry, by measuring the impact of an increased figure of tourers to Singapore on the stakeholders, to acquire a more complete position of the impact of these options.By analyzing the benefits of advancing Singapore ‘s touristry industry to the assorted stakeholders, we see that the publicity of touristry industry in Singapore is besides similar to the publicity of Literature to Singapore ‘s young persons.Stakeholders Benefits to Stakeholder Foreign Visitors/Tourists Tourists benefit from the convenience of circuit bundles in the SEA part, because of the easiness of which they can travel from one finish to another. Furthermore, the improved touristry services will guarantee that tourers enjoy their stay more, guaranting in a higher degree of satisfaction for them. Locals Locals will be able to bask the upgraded installations, the consequence of touristry greening. These tourer attractive forces will besides hike employment in Singapore, because of the demand to engage Singaporeans to run these attractive forces, which would assist to cut down the unemployment rate in Singapore. Furthermore, when there is an increasing figure of tourers sing Singapore, the greater involvement by foreign visitants in Singapore ‘s local civilization will promote locals to be proud of this local civilization of theirs, and experience more inclined to protect it, STB A better executing tourer industry would bring forth more gross for the touristry industry in Singapore. Service Providers ( e.g. hotels ) When the tourer volume is increased, this benefits all the suppliers of subordinate services, such as hotels, because there will be a rise in the figure of tourers necessitating housing.2nd state of affairs which can be considered in a similar manner:2nd state of affairs: Promoting young person ‘s involvement in English Literature ( Poetry, Prose and Theatrical surveies )Conventional manner to advance literature:1. Humanistic disciplines tripsHumanistic disciplines trips are organized by secondary schools in Singapore for pupils. These abroad trips conducted during the school vacations, present pupils with the chance to see topographic points like United Kingdom, which is one of the chief beginnings of English Literature. As the cost of the fieldtrip is partly subsidized by schools carry oning them, pupils are to a great extent encouraged to fall in in these larning journeys. The UK Literature trip is frequently conducted with the purpose to: Supply an chance for a selected group of pupils to be exposed to UK ‘s rich literacy and cultural heritage Enhance pupils ‘ apprehension of literacy genres and critical analysis accomplishments through practical unfavorable judgment and authorship exercisings Learn independency and leading accomplishments as pupils are endeavored to look after themselves and one another over the full trip Allow pupils to hold a first-hand experience and further apprehension of the lives of assorted celebrated dramatists such as William Shakespeare every bit good have sing renowned dramas in celebrated theaters. Students frequently have to finish a undertaking during or after a trip, which could be in the signifier of a presentation of their experiences there or more literature-based assignments such as composing a verse form, inspired from what they see. As there is no right or incorrect replies in literature, pupils have the freedom to exert their creativeness – in contrast to the strict and stiff course of study of other topics. This can trip an involvement in literature among pupils. However, the figure of topographic points available for such trips frequently limited to less than 50 people and therefore merely a little proportion of the cohort will be able to go to it. Furthermore, an 8 twenty-four hours trip will be a pupil approximately SGD $ 3000 after subsidy, which may discourage pupils from subscribing up for the trip. A big proportion of the pupil population will non be able to take portion in this enriching journey.2. Integration of play into the lower secondary course of studyDrama as mandatory faculty in course of study -Many secondary schools in Singapore integrated play as a compulsory faculty in lower secondary as portion of the instruction for literature. Outside trainers ( normally attached to theatre companies ) are frequently employed to run workshops for the pupils. Students have to move out parts of a drama in forepart of an audience in groups, in which they are graded for the concluding merchandise every bit good as the procedure of fixing for it. They have to carry through the different functions required in the readying of a drama such the manager and the histrions, with the aid of a instructor or trainer for counsel. This serves to: Spur pupils ‘ imaginativeness, as they may be required to improvize and compose their ain version of the dramas. Allow pupils to derive a greater penetration into the drama they are moving every bit good as into play as pupils will hold an in-depth apprehension of the drama before they are able to move it out Improve teamwork and leading accomplishments as pupil have to work in groups and settle jobs that may happen by themselves Construct up assurance Promote literature as a merriment topic that is non merely bound to the schoolroom and booksCompetitions-Inter-class Drama Competition can be carried out in lower secondary that allows pupils to take up specific functions of characters in the literature drama and move it out in forepart of an audience. This builds assurance in pupils every bit good as to derive a better apprehension of characters in the novel and able to analyze the text better. This builds involvement in lower secondary pupils as they get to see dramatisation of characters in the drama and learning literature through a merriment and prosecuting manner. -Literature Den Competition can be carried out in lower secondary, with the purpose of adorning the schoolroom harmonizing to a subject given. Themes include names of poets ( e.g. Ted Hughes and Sylvia Plath ) or a celebrated quotation mark from a literature text. This enables us to acquire to cognize more about celebrated poets or quotation marks and it creates a new acquisition environment and raise consciousness of celebrated poets and quotation marks of the yesteryear. -Literature Broadcast Competition can be carried out for literature dramas as pupils take up a function of a character in the drama and convey feelings and messages of characters through the broadcast. This encourages pupils to be involved in broadcast medium and besides to set themselves in the places of the character and this AIDSs character analysis and hence builds up involvement in the topic.Link:Our alternate attacks for the 1st state of affairs where touristry is promoted and aliens are attracted to see Singapore to come to see and research our local civilization in bend helps in advancing our civilization and maintaining our heritage alive.This is similar to our options to advance Literature ( 2nd state of affairs ) as by promoting pupils to demo an involvement and larn more about the plants of art that gaining control niceties of people ‘s lives ( foreign and local civilization ) , we are besides assisting to advance the civilization as expressed in Literary texts. More significantly, we see that similar options can be efficaciously used in these similar state of affairss, because the effectivity of these steps can be seen through an rating of the instance survey, and because our aims for both state of affairss and the constructs behind the options are similar, this is an appropriate comparing. For our instance survey, the aim of utilizing these options was to pull more tourers to Singapore, which is similar to the aim of our application, which is to pull more local lower secondary school pupils to be interested in Literature. Furthermore, the constructs behind the several alternate attacks of altering perceptual experience and images and coactions are similar for both the instance survey and the application. Since these options were successful for the former, this shows that we can follow similar steps for the latter to successfully accomplish our aims. Why we need to see options[ 9 ]? Target Group: Lower Secondary pupils Aim: To pull more Lower Secondary pupils to show an involvement in Literature In May 1995, an article in the Straits Times suggested a diminution in literature registration for â€Å" O † degree surveies in Singapore. A turning tendency, it was reported, was for schools, required by the Ministry of Education to offer literature as a compulsory topic for the first two old ages of secondary school, to offer the topic as an option merely for Secondary 3 or 4 pupils. Even though one of the purposes of doing pupils study literature in lower secondary is to let pupils to detect the joy of literature, most pupils do non take up literature as a â€Å" O † degree topic as it seen to be a harder topic to hit good in. Hence in order to advance literature and promote more pupils to take up literature as an examinable topic in upper secondary every bit good as to better their linguistic communication and higher-order thought accomplishments, the sort of originative or critical thought necessary for Singapore ‘s hereafter as an economically developed state, our group will wish to research options to advance literature among pupils in Singapore.Alternate 1: â€Å" Makeover of Literature † ALiterature is the Hagiographas in which look and signifier, in connexion with thoughts of lasting and cosmopolitan involvement, are characteristic or indispensable characteristics, as poesy, novels, history, life, and essays. Literature was seen as a depository of humanistic and religious values which might defy the pragmatism and increasing philistinism of mundane Singaporean life. Wayss to advance literature in Singapore: AMaking Literature MainstreamAdvertise and increase the figure of picks of books to take from so as to provide more to involvements of assorted literature partisans who have involvements in different genres e.g. horror. Ad runs can be held to alter the perceptual experience of Literature to youths in Singapore by demoing them that Literature is really non tiring as many might believe through agencies ( This is similar to the alternate attack for our 1st state of affairs where attractive forces are given makeovers to heighten their ocular entreaty to tourers ) such as new media. Puting up an online forum e.g. on Facebook where pupils can discourse Literature texts. This forum can be used by anyone, be it those who are interested in Literature or those who are merely looking about. This helps to make a common space/platform for pupils to prosecute in treatments with others sharing the same passion for the topic. Furthermore, Literature can be promoted as a topic that non merely analyse and examine texts but besides popular movies/television series. This helps in altering the typical perceptual experience of people that Literature is a deadening and irrelevant topic due to its content which focuses on dramas by William Shakespeare whose plants may non be applicable in present society. Introduce literature grasp hebdomad in schools where tickets to see dramas can be on sale to hopefully pull upon the pupils ‘ wonder of literature or their passion for it to prosecute in theatrical grasp which is an indispensable portion of Literature. By carry oning trips to research the different facets of Literature Studies, pupils will be more interested in the topic as it opens their eyes to the facets and might trip their passion for literature. Schools can besides ask for local/ abroad companies or possibly, the school ‘s play CCA to execute for the school ‘s assembly during literature grasp hebdomad so as to provide to those pupils who are unwilling or unable to watch dramas.A2. Introduce educational games refering to literature so as to raise involvement in the topic and promote more pupils to take it as an examinable topic for national scrutinies. A An illustration is to modify board games, such as monopoly, and inculcate literature into the game. ‘Chance ‘ and ‘community chest ‘ cards can be replaced with literature quotation marks, texts or devices that may necessitate one to province the beginning of quotation mark, name a character in the book or explicate literary devices severally. These games can be used during lessons so that even if a pupil has no involvement in playing it in the first topographic point, the pupil will hold to play it. This might trip his involvement in literature. Other games such as tabu or pictionary can besides be modified, such as including quotation marks and devices in the game of tabu and pulling important scenes in a peculiar literature text in the instance of pictionary. By leting pupils to larn and derive consciousness of literature in a merriment and prosecuting mode, their involvement will be raised and they might see taking up literature as an examinable topic in their secondary and third instruction. AWOULD THE ALTERNATIVES BE SUCCESSFUL? IF SO, WOULD THE ALTERNATIVES RESULT IN A MORE SUCCESSFUL OUTCOME THAN IF THE CONVENTIONAL METHOD IS ADOPTED?The result will be successful as launching of runs will raise consciousness and facilitate acquisition of literature surveies among the pupils. To demo the success of our alternate, we could: Expression at instance surveies of other runs that were antecedently launched in Singapore. An illustration is The Speak Mandarin Campaign ( e ®?a?Ze? ­eaS? ) , which is a year-around run that uses promotion and activities in the community to make consciousness and to ease the acquisition of Mandarin. As portion of the run to advance greater usage, the English newspaper The Straits Times publishes day-to-day Mandarin vocabulary lessons, used Television game shows and music public presentations by local dad stars to increase consciousness in young persons. We can hence measure the success and failure of these attacks taken and see these facets while implementing our undertaking as our mark audience is similar. This can be done as it is similar Interview teachers/ forces from the English Language and Literature Teachers Association ( ELLTAS ) on the importance of fostering thought persons through taking up literature. This purpose of the interview is to help our group in deriving more cognition about the elaborate course of study of Literature surveies in Singapore and specific facets of Literature surveies that are of relevancy to pupils. By deriving this information, our group can better our option for e.g. the alteration of board games to run into the demands of the topic. Surveies can be carried out to happen out if pupils are willing/ unwilling to choose for literature as an examinable topic and why/why non. Suggestions to increase registration of literature pupils can besides be seek for in the studies. Sample Survey Purpose: To happen out pupils ‘ current perceptual experiences and apprehension of Literature Target Group: Secondary school and Junior College Students No. Question 1 Presently, what degree are you analyzing at? Lower Secondary Upper Secondary Junior College None of the above If ( a ) , delight skip to Question 3. 2 Are you studying/Do you plan to analyze Literature as an examinable topic at the ‘A ‘ Levels? Yes No 3 Are you studying/Did you study/Do you plan to Literature as an examinable topic at the ‘O ‘ Levels? Yes, Pure Literature. Yes, Literature Elective. No 4 On a graduated table of 1 to 10, delight rate your involvement in Literature. _____ ( 1 being wholly disinterested, 10 being highly passionate about ) Why?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5 On a graduated table of 1 to 10, how utile do you believe Literature is? _____ ( 1 being wholly useless, 10 being crucially utile ) Why?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6 Make you happen that Literature is of import because of the analytical accomplishments it teaches? Strongly Agree Agree Impersonal Disagree Strongly Disagree 7 Make you happen that Literature is of import because it is a signifier of civilization and heritage through which old coevalss can go through down their ways of life and beliefs to future coevalss? Strongly Agree Agree Not certain Disagree Strongly Disagree 8 Make you happen that Literature is of import because it stimulates the treatment and idea of controversial or problematic issues covered in the text? Strongly Agree Agree Not certain Disagree Strongly Disagree 9 In your sentiment, is adequate being done to advance Literature among young persons in Singapore? Yes Not certain No If no, do you hold any suggestions on how you feel Literature should be promote among young persons in Singapore?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10 How supportive would you be of new options to advance Literature to youths in Singapore? For illustration, would you take part in events organized to observe Literature or play games designed with elements of Literature in it? Very Supportive Supportive Slightly Unsupportive Very unsupportiveAlternate 2: â€Å" Collaboration †Wayss to advance literature in Singapore:In our 2nd option, our group proposes that schools tie-up with art administrations and local authors/poets.AThe event, in the signifier of a just, will be held in secondary schools with the mark audience being lower secondary school pupils who are hesitating over their capable combination options. The timeframe of the event will be one twenty-four hours during school course of study, sooner after the end-of-year scrutinies of lower secondary school pupils so that they will hold more free clip due to more flexible timetables after scrutinies. The carnival will include activities go arounding around literature grasp. Besides being able to bask the public presentations, pupils will be given the chances to travel wing to larn more about the humanistic disciplines such as presenting inquiries to the performing artists etc. This construct of supplying a carnival will be new as our group aims to suggest a alone blend of local and foreign literature show windows coupled with dramas and public presentations put up by theatrical companies to be catered for schools ( content will be sooner related to the pupils ‘ coursework ) .A There will besides be coaction between schools and local writers and poets where they will be invited to put up booths at these carnivals and to offer pupils with relevant replies on inquiries asked regarding Literature. By supplying pupils the context of Literature through the position of the local poets/authors, the pupils will be exposed to a more interesting point of view of the topic. A The general diminution in literature registration for â€Å" O † degree surveies in Singapore has provoked a minute of contemplation about the function of literature in Singapore society. Public figures commented on the utility of literature ; school instructors, applied scientists, and physicians wrote letters and Straits Times columnist Ravi Veloo proposed that â€Å" O † degree literature be made compulsory for all pupils. Therefore ; our option will take to work hand-in-hand with lifting recognition of the importance to advance literature in Singapore. We will be forming this event in schools who are advocates of the point of view of the importance of Literature from the fact that literature can be seen as a depository of humanistic and religious values which might defy the pragmatism and increasing philistinism of mundane Singaporean life. Besides, the publicity of Literature can be seen as encouraging higher-order thought accomplishments, the sort of originative o r critical thought necessary for Singapore ‘s hereafter as an economically developed state. Aside from the chief mark audience of lower secondary school pupils, upper secondary pupils who are interested to heighten their cognition and involvement for Literature are besides encouraged and invited to take portion in the event. A An illustration of a play studio that can be considered for coaction is Drama Box. Their educational arm, NeNeMa, have conducted synergistic dramas for schools every bit good as workshops specially tailored for pupils, instructors and corporate clients utilizing. Within a short 6-month period in 2004, they have reached more than 5,000 pupils and 400 instructors through their dramas and workshops1.Their popularity among school populations substantiates their professionalism in carry oning dramas. Therefore, Drama Box serves to be a good pick of organisation to near should our group decides to transport out a pilot trial in which the carnival would be held. A On the other manus, an writer that could be approached for coaction with schools is Mr Tan Swie Hian, who in 1987 and 1998 severally, was awarded the Cultural Medallion in Singapore and won the Marin Sorescu International Poetry Prize in Romania.A The principle behind this attack is to perchance trip students'A involvement in literature, as in today ‘s society, literature is being overlooked invariably due to the outgrowth of popular civilization. By utilizing this attack, we hope that literature will one time once more go popular with today ‘s youth.A In order to demo if this attack is successful, we can inquire the authors/poets for the figure of pupils who signed up for their classs and we can give out studies to the pupils to acquire their sentiment about such events which aim to advance literature.A A restriction is that the authors/poets might non be free to carry on such things such as the authorship classs. In order to get the better of this, we can seek to reach literature instructors who might be willing to make such things due to their strong passion in learning and distributing his/her love for literature to the following coevals.WOULD THE ALTERNATIVE BE SUCCESSFUL? IF SO, WOULD THIS ALTERNATIVE RESULT IN A MORE SUCCESSFUL OUTCOME THAN IF THE CONVENTIONAL METHOD IS ADOPTED?The result will be successful as coaction with humanistic disciplines organisation and local authors/poets in forming carnivals perverts from conventional methods of learning which pupils find deadening or uncreative. By broadening the types of learning methods employed, pupils will break appreciate the topic as a whole and be more interested in the topics as rigidness in the course of study is eliminated. This alternate attack will be more successful than the conventional manner as it caters to a larger group of mark audience. Unlike the Literature trip which merely a little selected group of pupils can be offered the chance, the coaction with local poets/authors caters to more pupils and is larger-scale and more encompassing that the conventional method. Primary research methodological analysis: Collaborate with local authors/poets to organize interaction Sessionss at schools to advance literature. Conduct study to see what pupils feel about such Sessionss and how the session has changed how they view literature. Conduct interviews with authors/poets to acquire their sentiments on how literature has affected society over the old ages ( or frailty versa ) , how literature can be farther promoted, etc. A

Falstaffs role transcend that of a buffon in henry IV Essay

Falstaff’s role undoubtedly transcends that of a buffoon however Falstaff is also portrayed as an anarchic spirit, ready to defy any rules in order to satisfy his own appetites. Falstaff’s extrovert character therefore has an inevitable affect on Hals later decisions. Shakespeare portrays Falstaff as an enormous paradox. He is a huge man, who is so quick witted and so deft at manipulating language that he remains eternally elusive. He is quick to use others and has no sense of honesty, yet he gives and inspires great affection in those around him. He is a relatively old man, yet he refuses to admit the fact. He is a knight of the realm, yet acknowledges no sense that being a knight requires of him any decorum, loyalty, or respectable behaviour. He is an enormously selfish man, but he brings out of others some of their best qualities of wit, good fellowship, and conversation. It is Possible that Shakespeare wants us to interpret Falstaff as some sort of Lord of Misrule, a figure of irrepressible energy and joyousness in life who exists as a counter to the necessary order and stability in political society. And it may well be the case that Falstaff’s theatrical origins include many such figures such as the Kings of the Harvest Festivals where the rules of order are temporarily suspended in the name of communal celebrations free of normal restraints. But we must be careful not to get to emotionally involved with Falstaff, because if we do, we will fail to take account of his more corrosive qualities. For Falstaff does not represent the temporary overthrow of traditional order in the name of communal celebrations. His attitude includes also a deep scepticism which undercuts all value, and which therefore makes any form of shared life in a peaceful community impossible. The fact that Shakespeare chose to cast Falstaff as a knight particularly brings out this point. He is a member of the upper class, responsible for law, order, and good government. His subversive qualities would be far less powerful, were he simply a fat common layabout. But he has the same rank as, Sir Walter Blunt, and is entitled to join all the commanders in the consultation with the rebel leaders before the battle and, as a knight, has the right and the responsibility to take command over the common men whom he presses into the king’s service. Shakespeare therefore deliberately portrays Falstaff in this manor to challenge the audience’s perceptions and offers a more corrosive ironic counterpoint throughout the play. This quality is most evident when we explore the theme of honour. Shakespeare deliberately contrasts Hotspurs traditional concept of honour with that of Henry IV. Henrys sense of military honour permits him to have several other knights dress up in his royal armour and impersonate him on the battlefield, so that his enemies will wear themselves out chasing and fighting the wrong person. From Henry’s point of view, this is clever military strategy, an efficient policy at work; from Hotspur’s point of view it is a denial of what true honour requires, which is not something politically efficient but something deeply personal, a manifestation of one’s true character. From Falstaff’s point of view, all honour which requires one to run the risk of losing one’s life is absurd. In fact, any sense of honour which holds one back from seizing a good opportunity to enrich oneself is merely an empty word, to which he is not prepared to pay attention. Therefore S hakespeare uses Falstaff as a counterweight between the two. When we enjoy Falstaff’s actions in the tavern, Shakespeare also wants us to see how, out of this approach to life, his attempt to cheat the hostess out of money, his conduct with the conscript soldiers, and his mutilation of Hotspur’s body follow quite consistently. These actions complicate our response to him. In a stable society, such actions would seriously prejudice our opinion of the fat knight. But in this play, our judgment is made much more difficult, because Falstaff’s actions are, in some respects, not all that different from what others in the play are doing on a much bigger scale. Falstaff may well be abusing the king’s press, but Henry is forcing people to dress up and be killed on his behalf, to uphold his claim on the throne, which he won by rebellion and murder. Falstaff mutilates Hotspur’s dead body, but Worcester and Prince Hal bring about Hotspur’s death. Falstaff may rob the traveller at Gadshill, but others have stolen or are planning to steal the entire kingdom. In a world where the leaders hold no regard for morality in their pursuit of power and manipulate language to suit their political purposes, Falstaff’s actions appear less reprehensible than they otherwise might. If the king and the lords are lying, stealing, and deceiving, why shouldn’t he? At least the scale of his operations is much smaller. Moreover, Shakespeare portrays him as quite candid about what he is doing and does not attempt to justify his actions as somehow morally defensible (except in mock justifications which parody the official language of the court). In fact, his impersonation of them, his appropriation of their high-toned language for satiric purposes, reminds us constantly of the hypocrisy of their special pleading. He has a capacity to bring joy to others, to make them laugh, to inspire their affections, in a manner quite impossible in the royal court. That’s why the presence of Falstaff is much more subversive than a sentimental picture of him might suggest. He candidly acknowledges what he does and why he does it and our knowledge of what is happening on the larger scale doesn’t give us the solid assurances we need to deal with Falstaff as we might wish. Shakespeare uses Falstaff as a manifestation of ones self. An appropriate counterweight used to encourage us to question the morality of others in the play and maybe even the morality of our own society.

Return prenatal visit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Return prenatal visit - Essay Example In the above case study, the general well-being of the fetus can be assessed by getting its heart rate and respiratory rate and know if it is in distress or not. Ultrasound is a very important tool in diagnosing various conditions in obstetrics (Cameron & Moran, 2009). In relation to the case study provided the fundal height was found midway between the umbilicus andpubis symphysis which should be under the umbilicus based on LMP. However, various factors impact the correct interpretation of MSAFP results. These include: gestational age, maternal weight, ethnicity, maternal diabetes mellitus, fetal viability, exclusion of other anomalies, and multiple pregnancy (Cameron & Moran, 2009). Normally, AFP is produced by the york sac, gastrointestinal system and the liver in a fetus (Androutsopoulos, Gkogkos & Decavalas, 2013). Any increase in its level is always indicative of a problem in that area. (Androutsopoulos, Gkogkos & Decavalas, 2013) In the results provided in the case study, the doctor should conduct further tests based on abnormal findings from the fundal height examination and the AFP (Androutsopoulos, Gkogkos & Decavalas, 2013). Androutsopoulos, G., Gkogkos, P., & Decavalas, G. (2013). Mid-trimester maternal serum hCG and alpha fetal protein levels: Clinical significance and prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 11(2),

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Behavior plan final 1 - Essay Example This can result into lack of happiness as well as life enjoyment. As a human being, I have struggles with changing two behaviors, exercising irregularly and getting inadequate sleep, that are negatively affecting my life and school performance. In this behavior modification plan my goal is to maintain a healthy lifestyle by exercising regularly and getting sufficient sleep. Indeed, I believe that if I exercise more, I will be able to sleep early at night and feel better about myself. This will as well make me more confident. In order to achieve my first goal of regular exercise, I am planning to seek the assistance of a personal trainer and go to the gym three times a week. This will encourage me to keep up with practice and because I pay for sessions with my personal trainer, I will be less likely to skip or cancel classes. For my other target of getting adequate sleep, I will reduce the frequency of using my phone at night. I realized that I spend a lot of time texting and surfing the internet before sleeping. In week one, I will use my phone for one hour before going sleep in order to dedicate enough time for sleeping. In week two, I will use my phone for 30 min before going to sleep. As for my second behavior, I will go to the gym regularly. The sub-goal for changing the second behavior is to go to the gym without canceling or skipping any session in week one. For week two, my sub-goal is to go to the gym at least three times with the personal trainer and two times by myself. I will monitor this by taking notes in my private journal app â€Å"What a Wonderful Life.† Moreover, with the help of my classmates and their feedbacks on my plan, I was able to improve my sub-goals for both behaviors as reflected in the following schedules for the first goal, which is going to the gym: Through the week of observation, I used the private journal â€Å"What a Wonderful Life†

Starwood Part Five Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Starwood Part Five - Research Paper Example Using bed linens and terrycloth as the commodity on study, the paper looks at some of the procedures that will be required to procure only the best of the bed linen and terrycloth, citing cases where it is possible to change the suppliers dealing with a particular commodity or product. This paper furthermore explores Starwood evaluation method of the suppliers’ performance in relation to contract metrics that the company will use against the suppliers. Starwood- Supply Strategy Starwood is a multinational company with operations in North America and the Caribbean. It mainly concentrates its businesses in the hospitality industry with many hotels in the United States, Canada and the Caribbean. With such a huge presence in the hospitality industry, it presents a huge challenge especially when handling issues of procurement as all operations have to be coordinated. The procurement gets more challenging when it comes to the supply chain section as the process is continuous with th e suppliers providing goods and services to the company. The president of strategic sourcing will mostly be the one in charge of ensuring everything runs smoothly when it comes to procurement. Some factors that might trigger the supply chain includes when sections of Starwood’s hotels might need to change products and get new ones , when the contracts with the suppliers expire and in some cases when the group in charge of the hotel designs come up with new ideas that need to be implemented. Cases where a specific hotel or resort requiring local contract will also call for the involvement of the supply chain department. According to Wieland and Wallenburg (2011), the supply chain is a very intricate and dynamic supply and demand channel. Usually supply chain is made up of various systems of business, people, expertise and machinery, information and also funds for the purpose of transferring a product or service from one party that provides it that is the supplier to another th at needs it- the customer. During the supply chain, the end product delivered to the customer can vary from the raw natural resources and materials to machinery. Sourcing Strategy of Starwood When a product needs to be sourced to the hotel, it will have gone into consideration from the specification effected by factors like the customers, maintenance and even the chefs in the hotels restaurant or the housekeeping department in the hotel. If the said product or service is not available or does not exist, it implies that the sourcing will be done from both the domestic and international suppliers. In cases where the product is available then, only the renewal of the contract with the supplier will be viable but in some cases a new supplier might be procured for the supply (Anna 2006). A paper or electronic form will be sent to the potential suppliers requesting information of their services or products and the price quote and all the responses received by Starwood will be kept in a da tabase to help in vetting the suppliers in future too. Thereafter, only the suppliers matching the company’s minimum requirement will be shortlisted. However this will not be necessarily based on the finance of the shortlisted company. Other factors will be considered like quality of the product and service, the area of operation, and also the legalities of the supplying

Personality Traits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personality Traits - Essay Example In addition, it is also true that I tend to perceive life as rosier than it is sometimes, but I do not think this is bad. On the contrary, if one willingly chooses to observe life as a unity of the good and bad, manages to focus on the good and learn from the mistakes that represent the bad, he is on the right path to a full and rich life of personal satisfaction and gratification. Aside from this, my problem solving skills have also been perfected in the sense that, unlike most people who get paralyzed when they are confronted with a difficult situation, I stop and think it through carefully. I do not waste time bothering myself with scenarios that could have been, and â€Å"if only he/she did not do it, now I would not be in this predicament.† I find this type of thinking detrimental to the process of solving the problem in question. A happy mind is a healthy mind and there is nothing that a healthy mind cannot

Discussion and reply to a discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion and reply to a discussion - Essay Example The family's capacity to deal with these challenges is determined by the family's patterns of communication, problem-solving skills, degree of cohesion within the family, interfacing with the external world, and conflict resolution abilities. According to the literature on the topic, the involvement of families in critical care settings has a positive effect on the effective service to the needs of families and patients during a medical crisis. "The challenges for the critical care nurse are to (1) understand how the medical crisis affects family functioning and dynamics, (2) understand the emotional intensity often experienced by families, and (3) determine the appropriate level of family involvement in the patient's holistic care during the hospitalization." (Leon and Knapp, 2008, p 256). Therefore, family nursing is an essential reality of the health care system of the day and the importance of holistic nursing cannot be ignored by the schools of nursing.

Political Science - society and state in contemporary russia Essay

Political Science - society and state in contemporary russia - Essay Example However, Moscow was the nerve centre of Russia while it was also the largest city of USSR. However, according to some politicians like Vladimir Zhirinovsky, socio-political and economic conflicts between the Soviet and Russian identities had always existed. Historians like Hosking (2006) have thus described the Russians as both the â€Å"rulers and victims† of the erstwhile Soviet administrative system. During the Stalinist era, events like the great purge, murder of Leon Trotsky, adoption of the National Anthem of Soviet Union, etc. often indicated this identity crisis. Stalin, who was from Georgian ancestry, conducted indiscriminate political executions, deportations and large-scale socio-cultural engineering to use the Russian peoples for the benefit of his regime. (Faria 2012) Evolution of an undemocratic and corrupt electoral system In the Soviet era, Russians did not have any democratic electoral system at all. Even after the fall of communism Russia continues to be haun ted by the memories and conventions of the autocratic rule. This is like inheriting the legacies of Cold War and Stalinism. Events like the apprehension of Anna Chapman in USA on the grounds of espionage for Russia as reported by Huffington Post (Isachenkov 2011) show that Russia’s communist past cannot be neglected. ... inside Russia, powerful socialites like Mikhail Prokhorov have openly challenged Putin and accused him for destroying the democratic institutions (BBC News 2011). Agencies like Reuters have reported the major Russian political reformists think that â€Å"Putin must change† (Freeland and Gutterman 2012). But unlike the leaders like Prokhorov and Yavlinsky, most of the established Russian political elites are trying to align themselves with the government policies. Possibly, this is due to their urge to avoid government persecution. But similarity in political tendencies may also be a reason behind this. Majority of the opposition groups are less interested in denouncing the evolving corrupt electoral system. Instead, they are seeking their share of the poplar votes. The most powerful opposition leaders of Communist Party of Russian Federation (led by Gennady Zyuganov) and Liberal Democratic Party (led by Vladimir Zhirinovsky) are relatively well mannered and lenient towards the iron-handed nature of Putin’s government. (Faria 2012) Role of the Russian media during elections Russia has a history of suppressing the freedom of expression by its authoritarian rulers. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn has shown intricately that how Stalin used the instruments like deportation and detention to suppress not only the freedom of press but also the voice of popular aspirations in general. Particularly in his monumental works The Gulag Archipelago, Solzhenitsyn (1974) has shown that restrictions on free speech and news media had existed almost all through the Soviet era of Russia. According to several experts, the effects of the Soviet era and scars left by Stalin’s oppressive rule are creating problems even today. Contemporary researchers like Enikolopov, Petrova and Zhuravskaya (2010)

Cyber-Dating and Traditional Dating Methods Essay - 1

Cyber-Dating and Traditional Dating Methods - Essay Example Describing the term dating is vague and ambiguous in today’s world. Marquardt described a variety of definitions for dating in 2001. Dating can be described as â€Å"a fast-moving, highly committed relationship, when two people quickly form a serious and intense bond, spending most of their time together† (Rosenthal 2012). With the advent of computers, social networking sites and a plethora of dating sites available for teenagers and adults, online dating is rapidly becoming the newest trend for 21st-century people. Estimates show that there are 836 dating sites in January 2005 and 40 million Americans visit the online dating sites every month. A survey also showed that 14% of singles who were engaged, married or dating someone met them through online dating services (Rosen et al 2007). Although the differences between online dating and traditional dating are quite divergent, both display a variety of benefits and demerits when compared in various perspectives. The path that a relationship develops between two people is different and the bond created also differs when it comes to online dating and the conventional dating methods. The time taken for a relationship to flourish varies significantly. Online dating begins with email messages, interactions on social networking sites and chatting through the internet. ... Cyber-dating offers an escape from the various stereotypical roles and commitment issues that bound the otherwise conventional methods of traditional forms of dating. The traditional forms of dating mainly propose that a man asks a woman for dating and courtship. However, online dating offers the teenage girls to experiment with their powers within a heterosexual relationship (Nayar 2010). Traditional norms maintain that the woman should wait for the man, however, online dating services and experience lets the girls or women experiment with modern and more assertive relationship experiences. Although internet dating offers quick courtship services, the information and data provided by candidates can sometimes be deceptive. It is easier for people to lie to each other and the appearances can be altered to deceive the other person (Nayar 2010).  Ã‚  

A Synopsis of Christopher Taggi’s Movie 95 Essay Example for Free

A Synopsis of Christopher Taggi’s Movie 95 Essay Renowned American film producer Cecil B. DeMille once said, â€Å"What I have crossed out I didnt like. What I havent crossed out Im dissatisfied with.† (â€Å"Cecil B. DeMille Quotes.† brainyquote.com. Brainy Quote, n.d. Web. 05 Oct.2012.) This persistent feeling of dissatisfaction is suggested in Christopher Taggi’s â€Å"95,† in which the protagonist is discontent with his current life condition and keeps driving on the highway to look for better opportunities. In fact, the author points out that in contemporary society people are dissatisfied because of their insatiable desire for wanting more. This sad reality is illustrated by the protagonist’s parents, who are constantly moving from one place to another to try find opportunies, the protagonist Hank himself, who desires more than what he already has, and the highway that symbolizes people’s everlasting demand. The unfortunate fact of people feeling dissatisfied because of their avaricious desires is demonstrated by the characterization of Hank’s parents. When Hank was young, he and his parents were continually moving from here to there. His parents were never satisfied with what they had and were always looking for opportunities that would give them better jobs and make them wealthier and happier. From Hank’s descriptions of his father† touching things absently† (4) and† his eyes clouded with the nowhere stare,† (4) the author suggests that his father doesn’t enjoy his life. Also, when they stopped for food during car trips, Hank noticed that his father would only have a glass of water. Even if his father explained that: â€Å"No sense in buying something you don’t feel like eating,† (4) Hank knew that his parents were poor. This justifies his parents’ motivation of constantly moving. His father also used to say: â€Å"Opportunity, it makes people rich, makes people famous. All you have to do is go out there and find it.† (4) Contrary to what his parents believed, even after all the years of searching, they never found the right opportunity and obtained what they wanted. This suggests that Hank’s parents, like many people in modern society, will not find happiness because they live with insatiable desires and therefore will not get the feeling of satisfaction in their lives. The characterization of Hank himself also shows how people in the contemporary society always want more. For example, when Hank woke up from his dream about his socks, he realized that† nothing good or special or wonderful has happened to him.† (7) This shows that Frank is idealistic and has superfluous expectations in life. Also, Hank has a nice girlfriend who cares about him and loves him, but he still thinks about how he would leave her even though there are no reasons for him to do so. When his girlfriend asks him if he was happy, he says, â€Å"Sometimes I am. Mostly, I guess I just feel like I can’t be really happy. Just missing something important.† (7) Another passage would be when his girlfriend asked him if he likes her, he answered:†sometimes I like you and maybe I think I even love you a little. And sometimes I hate you.† (7) We can see that Hank is uncertain about his feelings for his girlfriend and if she is the person that he wants to be with. Those are typical examples of a person who is not sure about what he wants and believes that there is always something better waiting for him. The thing that is missing for Hank is simply appreciating what he already possesses. From this reasoning, it is clear that great numbers of people from the twentieth century are just like Hank, they can’t find happiness simply because they are insatiable. The highway is an important symbol used by the author to signify the notion that contemporary people are dissatisfied and always want more. Hank and his parents used to drive on the highway because they wanted more than what they have and the highway offered opportunities. When Hank is driving with his girlfriend on the highway, he sees many billboards that attract him. Especially one billboard on which was written† LUCKY LEO’S FIREWORK EMPORIUM, it boomed in explosive neon colors. LARGEST SUPPLY OF FIREWORKS IN ALL DIXIE! FREE PARKING and DELICIOUS RESTAURANT. 20Ml.† (4) However, when Hank finally gets there, all he finds is the emptiness of an abandoned place. He could see that â€Å"the largest supply of fireworks in all of Dixie must have gone off simultaneously a long time ago. Only the charred, outer brick shell of the building remained.† (5) This suggests that people like Hank, who always wish for more will often get disappointed by the reality and then again return to their initial state of dissatisfaction. The symbolism of the highway proves how people in contemporary society feel dissatisfied because of their everlasting demand. Thus, Christopher Taggi’s â€Å"95† suggests that people in the contemporary society are suffering from dissatisfaction. This is demonstrated by the characterization of Hank’s parents, who always try to find a better life, Hank himself, who is never satisfied with what he already has and the highway that symbolizes how people believe that better things are waiting for them. Work Cited Taggi,Christopher. â€Å"95.† Voices of the Xiled: A Generation Speakers For Itself. Eds. Michael Wexler and John Hulme. New York: Doubleday, 1994. 210-218. Print. â€Å"Cecil B. DeMille Quotes.† brainyquote.com. Brainy Quote, n.d. Web. 05 Oct. 2012

A Critique Of Mills Harm Principle Philosophy Essay

A Critique Of Mills Harm Principle Philosophy Essay In this essay, I will be writing a critique on Mills harm principle. Evaluate its criticisms and explain why its positive influence far outweighs the negative ones in a society which its citizens are free to dictate their notions. In his Autobiography of 1873, John Stuart Mill described On Liberty as a kind of philosophic textbook of a single truth (Mill (1989 edn), p.189) and rather than speak in terms of rights, some may claim a right not to be harmed, Mill said only Harm (or the threat of Harm) is a sufficient justification for exercising power over another. Mill further qualified his Principle by adding that it wouldnt be a sufficient condition to exercise power over someone simply for their own good and he does permit some exemptions to the Harm Principle. So he allows coercion in an economic context, like when a more efficient and presumably more profitable company Harms a competitor by seizing an increase in market share. Another exemptions are of the incompetent, the retarded, the ignorant, children, all those below the age of consent. They may all be coerced; in short all those not competent are exempt and Mill allows for coercion by the judiciary. So for example the type of legal coercion which punishes murder by imprisonment is exempt. However probably the most controversial exemption in, On Liberty is Mills reference to backward states of society, Mill refers to barbarians and says We may leave out of consideration those backward states of society in which the race itself may be considered as in its nonage. (Mill, John Stuart. Stefan Collini (ed.), On Liberty and Other Writings, (2000 edn), p.13.) Mill is referring here to societies so backward theyd hardly be capable of understanding the Harm Principle let alone responsibly applying it. The implication here is that society needs to recognize concepts like free discussion before it can achieve that level of education and understanding which enables it to benefit from The Harm Principle. Yet when considered in its totality his Principle is anything but simple, because On Liberty is concerned with, Isaiah Berlins later defined concept of Negative Liberty that is, freedom from interference. To quote Berlin, the freedom of which I speak is opportunity for action, rather than action itself. If, although I enjoy the right to walk through open doors, I prefer not to do so, but sit still and vegetate, I am not thereby rendered less free. Freedom is the opportunity to act, not action itself. (Berlin (1969), p.xlii). Some significant criticisms of, Mills Harm Principle have been expressed over the years. I intend to consider the three leading arguments, 1. VAGUENESS. In other words what exactly does Mill mean when he uses the word Harm? Its notable that no definition of Harm is to be found in, On Liberty, granted Mill gives us some exemptions, but no more than that and accordingly Mills use of the word Harm is often considered imprecise. Its this very lack preciseness (vagueness) that prompts us to wonder if there could be a point at which acts of offence become acts of Harm. Without an adequate definition of Harm it becomes difficult to derive to a meaningful definition of Offence and without that judgments of rightness or wrongness are in danger of becoming blurred. In a book by the philosopher Joel Feinberg entitled, Offence to Others, he discusses a thought experiment whereby the reader is assumed to be a passenger on a crowded bus. Its possible to leave the bus of course, but that would be inconvenient and theres not another seat to move to and theres also no prospect of leaving ones seat to stand. Feinberg relates a set of examples, each more offensive than its predecessor, which take place in full view of the passengers. He starts innocently enough with comparatively mild examples like horrible smells, migraine inducing lights, intolerable noises and so on. In the next section which is headed, Disgust and Revulsion, he outlines even more revolting examples; people eating live insects, each others vomit and so on. Further on Feinberg talks of sex acts on the bus, both heterosexual and homosexual. He goes on to suggest increasingly more offensive examples, cataloguing in all 31 distinct illustrations. It emerges that some actions, although of fensive, can be tolerated in public whilst others may be so intolerable as to be better conducted in private. During our earliest years we learn to be conscious of concepts such as yours and mine (that is your sandwich but this is my sandwich) and its from these formative years that our notions of property as well ideas like property rights and obligations derive. Mine has a deeply personal value ascribed to it, encompassing not only physical things (like sandwiches) but also more abstract things, like personal space. An invasion of mine can invariably bring with it an almost instinctual reaction and Suppose someone, in an effort to signal friendliness, stands that bit too close or the person in the next seat plays their walkman that little bit too loud. We can feel aggrieved perhaps even angry? We often describe the other person as, invading our space. A proportion of the public space has become deeply personal. In other words, something about that public space has become mine. In this respect then we often hear somebody say that what someone is doing is, so unnecessary. By that she means i ts unnecessary for an activity to be conducted in public, because it could just as well be carried on in private. It may well be then that offensive public displays should be prohibited by law but still be allowed in private. When one tries to draw a line between Offensive Acts and Harmful ones its not unusual to be faced with a dilemma. Suppose someone is running, naked, along a street that could be interpreted by some onlookers as an Offensive Act, it might even be considered a Harmful Act towards children. In a similarly vein it may be that someone could find the idea of a homosexual relationship, even if behind closed doors, more offensive than an intimate heterosexual liaison which takes place in public. So, just as before, it seems that some things are judged offensive if conducted in public but may well be condoned in private. On Liberty makes it clear that in order to tolerate what Mill calls experiments in living, the toleration of some things, in private, is necessary. For example, some things which are objectionable to this generation may well be acceptable to the next. To him experimentation is a necessary attribute to drive society forward. Mill makes it clear that its by experiments in living that society progresses, an open-minded society would tolerate geniuses because, as Mill maintains, to prohibit everything but the norm would have the effect of stifling innovation and experiments in living'. Thus, a follower of Mills Harm Principle allows offensiveness but modifies the distinction to say that, if offensiveness is conducted in private with each participant having full knowledge of consequences and outcome and each being fully and freely aware of what theyre doing, then the Harm Principle would be complied with. Others however take a different view. Lord Devlin however admits no distinction between public and private actions. He maintains, see Dworkin Ronald (ed.) (1977) The Philosophy of Law, Oxford University Press, pp76-77, that private morality if widely adopted can become public morality. He considers that just as treasonable acts, plotted in private, can eventually adversely affect society so immoral acts, conducted in private, can become similarly antisocial. For Devlin the test of rightness is not linked to Utilitarian Theory at all. He famously refers to The Man on the Clapham Omnibus, his test being the feelings of intolerance, indignation and disgust of a reasonable man. But there are difficulties with relying on what an ordinary person would find morally acceptable. Presumably, in the heyday of the Taliban, if we had asked the reasonable man on a Kabul omnibus whether or not there should be a law barring female children from attending school, his feelings of intolerance, indignation and disgust would be a sufficient justification to allow the introduction of such a law. H. L. A. Hart, Professor of Jurisprudence at Oxford University, differs from Devlins reasonable man view holding it better to adopt a rational person test. (Ibid, pp83-88). A reasonable person is neither required to have reasons for, nor to justify, moral beliefs. Instead they depend upon convictions of what is and isnt morally acceptable. Its apparent then that, despite an intuitive appeal, Devlins approach fails to fully refute Mills Harm Principle. 2. NO MAN IS AN ISLAND. Mills implicit assumption that its possible to undertake an action in such a way that it wont affect anyone else is called into question here. Of course, its quite possible to do something which only appears wholly self regarding. Suppose I enjoy rock climbing. I may believe that my climbing, if solitary, could harm no one but myself, even if I should suffer a fatal accident. In such circumstances I wouldnt, on the face of it, be causing Harm to another but should I have a climbing partner she may well be Harmed by my demise, even though not in any way responsible for my misfortune. And even if I made certain that I and only I climbed, in the event of a fatal accident, grieving relations could be harmed. There could well be a similar Harmful effect suffered by members of a mountain rescue team that recovers my body and so forth. Therefore some might say I should be stopped from participating in dangerous hobbies because of a risk of possible Harmful effects an accident to myself may have upon others. If, being aware of the dangers of passive smoking, I smoke cigarettes heavily but only in my own home, taking care not to impose the effects of my smoking upon others, it could be said that I stand to harm no one but myself and so Mills Principle would then apply because I could be persuaded of the danger to my health but coercion shouldnt be used. But if my risk of a serious smoking related disease puts an unfair burden upon an already overstretched asset, perhaps even reducing the resources available to other people with serious illness. For this reason Mills implied assumption that some actions regard the perpetrator alone has been questioned. Fitzjames Stephen held that, by far the most important part of our conduct regards both us and others (Fitzjames Stephen (1967 edn), p66). This view is held by many of Mills critics. Nonetheless its implausible to assert that every self-regarding act has a Harmful effect upon others. 3. LIBERTY AND UTILITARIANISM. A foundation of On Liberty is Mills professed Utilitarianism, where each persons individuality and happiness is the objective of a civilised society. But because Mills Utilitarianism has its emphasis on consequences of action, some have questioned whether its correct to assume the Harm Principle is truly Utilitarian and so Mills Utilitarianism is often termed a consequentialist theory. Happiness, according to Mill, is not as simple as Jeremy Benthams idea, where he thought of happiness as, a blissful state of mind. Mill believed happiness to be something more complicated; he thought the sum of human happiness was better served by the preservation of as wide a range of negative liberties as possible. Its been argued though that many of the negative freedoms put forward by Mill were ultimately incompatible with his Utilitarianism because the Utilitarian aim of maximum happiness gives way to other considerations. But this view misses the fact that far from abandoning Utilitarianism, Mill argues that The Harm Principle and Utilitarianism can go hand in hand, so to speak. He certainly holds that there should be complete freedom of thought and discussion. Almost a third of, On Liberty is devoted to these vital freedoms yet, as a consequence of his thoughts about experiments in living he also makes the case for individuality and individual freedoms. Mill holds that the very concept of Negative Freedom allows for a choice between good and evil, for the freedom to choose between overall happiness and the gratification of individual desire. In other words people are free to accept or refuse an opportunity. As Mill said, The only freedom which deserves the name is that of pursuing our own good in our own way, so long as we do not attempt to deprive others of theirs or impede their efforts to obtain it. (Mill, John Stuart. Stefan Collini (ed.), On Liberty and Other Writings, (2000 edn), p.16.) In the section of On Liberty entitled, On Liberty, as one of the elements of well-being. (ibid, p68) Mill maintains that the fact of human diversity is itself an argument for liberty. He argues that imposing one way of life upon every member of a society would be as disastrous as treating a cactus and an orchid in the same fashion. Mill says (putting aside some exceptional circumstance, such as monastic institutions) that human beings differ so much from each other that it would make no sense at all to expect each one to conform to a single model of a good life. Mill differentiates private interests, where no intervention is permitted, and public interests where, to maximize general happiness, intervention is allowed. For example, there are certain things like murder and fraud which a civilized society could not tolerate and against which it would have to protect itself but that same society should still encompass within it private interests of freedom and liberty. Its clear then tha t Mill adopts a utilitarian philosophy when addressing matters of public interest, but its a subtler form of utilitarianism which weve come to know as Indirect Utilitarian. While a direct utilitarian believes that any action which promotes general happiness is good, an indirect utilitarian would follow a more understated interpretation, holding that individuals should not simply be left to maximize happiness for themselves and its this indirect utilitarianism which Mill assumes throughout, On Liberty. He says, I regard utility as the ultimate appeal to all ethical questions; but it must be utility in the largest sense, grounded on the permanent interests of a man as a progressive being (Ibid, p.14) CONCLUSION In, Thinking from A to Z, Nigel Warburton reminds us that a Socratic Fallacy is: The mistaken belief that if you cant define a general term precisely you wont be in any position to identify particular instances of it. Warburton. Nigel. Thinking from A to Z. Routledge (2nd edn. 2000), p.120 The vagueness objection is a Socratic Fallacy, because whilst a concise definition of the word Harm isnt to be found in, On Liberty the following argument is sound: Premise 1. Minor objections should be set aside if an idea withstands the test of time. Premise 2. On Liberty has withstood the test of time. Conclusion. On Liberty should have minor objections set aside. To insist that Mills Harm Principle is specific at every eventuality is tantamount to asking for the impossible simply because the very concept of freedom (or liberty) carries within it an element of vagueness. The most a person reading, On Liberty with charity could reasonably expect is a Harm Principle with illustrative examples, and where fitting, appropriate definitions. This essay has reviewed the major criticisms leveled at Mills deliberations. The question of Mills alleged vagueness has been addressed as well as the problems associated with deciding what is Harmful as against Offensive and its been argued that consenting adults, acting in private, are unlikely to harm anyone but themselves. With regard to the claim that Mill has neglected his utilitarian principles it has been argued that, On Liberty has remained true to Mills utilitarian ideals, accommodating the negative freedoms necessary for an individuals freedoms. Mills arguments favor through Utilitarian means a concept of negative liberty, making the point that its only when were given sufficient freedom to freely choose how to live our lives (follow the good, if you will) that were most likely to maximize happiness. He says that a diversity of lifestyles is necessary because it allows differing individuals to find their own fulfilling ways of living. Its useful to remind ourselves that, On Liberty was published in 1859 and that it was intended primarily for the general public, it certainly wasnt presented as a dissertation solely for the academic world. Reading, On Liberty one is struck by Mills feeling for humanity and by his concern for his fellow man. He goes to some lengths to point out that his Principle is intended to protect those less able or, as he said, those not in the maturity of their faculties. All in all, On Liberty gives a structure within which to discuss the question of how free a person should be to live life as they please. For us in the 21st century, On Liberty embodies truths of tolerance, liberty and accountability to which the best of our societies aspire to today. From Mills writings its clear that the Harm Principle is essentially sound and that Mill is still relevant after nearly one hundred and fifty years. For example the rise of religious fundamentalism often brings with it an intolerance of alternative views that runs counter to Mills ideals. By the same token, its not too difficult to find totalitarian regimes (be they left or right wing) whose subjects are required to repress their individuality in service of the common good. Its right that the last word be left to J. S. Mill. The mischief begins when, instead of calling for the activity and powers of individuals and bodies, it (The State) substitutes its own activity for theirs; when instead of informing, advising, and, upon occasion, denouncing, it makes them work in fetters, or bids them stand aside and does their work instead of them. (Mill, J. S. On Liberty and Other Writings, (2000 edn), p.115.) THE END

World War II and American Racism Essay examples -- American History Ja

World War II and American Racism The United States was a divided nation at the time of World War II. Divided by race and racism. This Division had been much greater in the past with the institution of slavery. As the years went by the those beliefs did deteriorate slowly, but they were still present during the years of World War II. This division was lived out in two forms, legislation and social behavior. The legislation came in the form of the â€Å"Jim Crow† laws. The belief that some people were naturally superior and others inferior, scientific racism, was the accepted belief of the time These cultural traits were waning. After World War II ended they would decline even more rapidly. In the early days of World War II the everyday people of this country already sensed the great change to come. Interviews taken from the Library of Congress, in the collection labeled â€Å"After the Day of Infamy,† offer a window into the past. Into the America that existed in the early days after the attack on Pearl Harbor and the U.S. entrance into the war. Inside the collection, the pulse of the nation is revealed. Ordinary people, some of whom do not reveal their names, are given a chance to record their opinion of the war, the Japanese people, and the race relations within the union. In these open letters to the president and the â€Å"Man on the Street† interviews, the American public reveals their prejudices and their concerns in the most candid of fashion. American society, like that of Germany, was tainted with racial bigotry and prejudice. The Japanese were thought of as especially treacherous people for the attack on Pearl Harbor. The treachery was obviously thought to reside in ... ... it legal for non-white immigrant to become naturalized citizens. Many of those Japanese born immigrants who were held in concentration camps could now apply for citizenship status. It would take many years for African-Americans to acquire the freedoms that they had fought for over seas. Those efforts were accelerated by the war and the prosperity that it brought. Eventually Jim Crow would fall in the south and African-Americans would take their struggle to every part of the nation. It was never an over night sensation. The civil rights movement was one long continuous effort that occurred before and after World War II. The process has been a long one and still continues. [1] After the Day of Infamy: â€Å"Man on the Street† Interviews Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor, U.S. Library of Congress, American Folk Life Center

The Debate of Abortion Essay -- Pro Life Pro Choice Pregnancy Rights E

The Debate of Abortion After more than a quarter-century of frenzied debate and denunciation (which began well before Roe v. Wade), one might think not. But there is at least one viewpoint that polls indicate is widely held but that is hardly ever heard amid the screams of ''Murderer!'' and ''Keep your rosaries off my ovaries!'' It deserves a full and reasoned exposition, however; it might even shed some light on the controversies about the confirmation of Dr. Henry Foster as Surgeon General and about harassment of abortion clinics. It is that abortion is justifiable only in extreme cases -- but that nevertheless the state must respect the right to receive and perform abortions. In other words, it is possible to be pro-life and pro-choice -- and as a matter of moral principle rather than political expediency. As many people of both sexes instinctively recognize, abortion has to be looked at as a question not of law but of morality. Begin then with the position, common to most religions and many naturalistic systems of morality, of respect for life -- all life, but especially human. It seems impossible to deny that the developing fetus is a potential human being. Yes, from the moment of conception: in the early stages it may be a clump of cells, but that cannot be equated with the clump of cells that might be removed in an appendectomy. The fetus from the very beginning is endowed with all the genetic information that will enable -- in fact make inevitable, absent so...

The search for self in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Catcher in the Rye :: essays research papers

Search for self in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Catcher in the Rye   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everyone wants to know who they are, and why they were put here. People often wonder about their futures and what kind of person they really are. In the novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Catcher in the Rye, both of the protagonists, despite the different settings, the other characters, their restrictions and the different people that they are, are searching for the same thing - themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a timeless tale of a young boy who escapes his society that keeps trying to â€Å"sivilise† him and retreats down the Mississippi river with a runaway slave. On his journey he meets many different kinds of people on the banks of the river, some bad and some good, they all help Huck on his journey to self discovery. Catcher in the Rye is a story of a young boy named Holden who leaves his prep school in New York and ventures alone into the city. On his journey he meets a number of people. Holden is quite cynical and he denigrates nearly everyone he meets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Set in pre-civil war America, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn takes place along the Mississippi river. As Huckleberry travels along it he learns lessons about life, society and most importantly; himself. Surrounded by a world of prejudice and racism, Huck is forced to learn to make decisions on his own. He is able to learn from the imperfections in the rest of the world as he views them. While on the river, Huck and Jim are at peace. The river symbolizes freedom for both Jim and Huck. The river is Jim’s path to freedom from slavery, and it is Huck’s freedom from society. When Jim and Huck journey onto the banks of the river they see the inhumanity to man that goes on in the world. This juxtaposition of the river and the land help emphasize the peacefulness of the river in comparison to the crazy society on land. Huck learns to think for himself, and tries not to conform to the ways of the people on the land. Although the world that he lives in teaches him to be a racist, his journey down the river teaches him to use his own mind, and find out what he really believes in.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York city is the setting for this more contemporary novel, yet it has many similarities to the older, more timeless Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

Alex Pardee

Alex Pardee Born and raised in Antioch, California, Alex Pardee is an up and coming artist who is breaking down many figurative aesthetic barriers. With a style molded from years of horror movies, comic books, old school gangster rap, and severe depression and anxiety, Alex’s style is simultaneously horrific and fascinating. Alex’s struggle within himself had a positive outcome that he intends to share with anyone with an open mind, eyes, and ears. At the age of 14, Alex was diagnosed with anxiety and depression.He was hospitalized for months, growing restless as the doctors tried to find the right combination of pills to make him back to â€Å"normal. † However, pills and therapy weren’t the treatment Alex needed. To keep himself busy during his days at the hospital, he drew to pass the time. His drawings became more elaborate and twisted as the number of days he spent behind white doors built up. When he was released, there was no turning back. As a chil d, Alex enjoyed newspaper comics. He and his sister would trace the comics and add their own captions.Alex Pardee has always been drawn (no pun intended) to â€Å"different† art, whether it be old movies like The Dark Crystal and Star Wars, graffiti, skateboard art, or the likes of Strawberry Shortcake. The first twisted comic that captured his interest was The Maxx, created by Sam Keith. Before he found The Maxx, he never took a liking to comic books, thinking they were all superhero nonsense. This dark, untidy comic about the tragic happenings of a teenage girl changed his view of the comic industry as a whole and inspired his own twisted, powerful, unkempt style.As far as education, Alex has no art degrees of any sort under his belt. When he was a kid, he wanted to be Bobo Fett. But, during high school, his dream was actually to attend film school, but that dream remained dormant due to his extremely introverted personality. The thought of social interactions during projec ts prevented him from pursuing that career. He chose art because he knew he could easily do that from the comfort and safety of his own home. â€Å"What inspires you? † is the most common and hated question that Alex is asked.The possibilities of that answer are always so complex and hard to materialize that he often gives simple answers that leave inquirers unsatisfied. To simplify the near novel-length answer, â€Å"at two it was Star Wars. At four it was Disneyland. At six it was my parents. At nine it was Garbage Pail Kids. At 14 it was Robocop. At 15 it was The Maxx. At 16 it was Street Fighter. At 17 it was graffiti. At 20 it was the discovery of ’zines and self-publishing. At 21 it was Photoshop. At 22 it was Half-Life. At 23 it was painting. At 25 it was screen-printing.At 26 it was Aqua Teen Hunger Forceand Adult Swim. At 30 it was Zerofriends. At 35 it was Chloe (his girlfriend). † Alex Pardee began with small drawings on scratch paper or in notebooks. Once his skills and techniques improved, he made photocopies of his sketches and rough copies of his books and began spreading them like wildfire around his town. Copies were strewn about waiting rooms, public restrooms, magazines, newspapers, and anywhere else he could think of putting them with the hopes that someone would recognize his talent and efforts.This continued until 1999, when a handful of other artists encouraged him to have his books professionally printed. To pay for printing expenses, he got a job at a toy store. He had the job for nine years and maintained a steady love/hate relationship throughout. In the first year at his toy store occupation, Alex released his first book, My Book of Colors. After the release, he began devoting all his time, blood, sweat, and tears into his skyrocketing career. Since then, he has released the book series Bunnywith and The Secrets of Hollywood.These releases branched out into calendars, clothing, posters, plush dolls, figurines, a nd multiple art exhibits. He is a member of the art groups Cardboard City and Zerofriends, which recently opened their own store in San Francisco, California. Alex has done artwork for the bands The Used, Aiden, In Flames, and Cage. His artwork for The Used’s album In Love and Death depicted a signature Pardee character named Chadam, whose story was made into a Warner Bros short film. He also did design and artwork for the movie Sucker Punch. Alex Pardee’s horrifically moving artwork has captured the interest of many around the world.His unique style has inspired that of many upcoming artists to create equally disturbing and fantastic pieces. Not only does he have thousands of sketches, paintings, and short stories to shed light on the warped convolutions of his mind, but he has a less than perfect back story and wicked sense of sarcasm to verify it. That’s all part of what makes him so fascinating. An intelligent and talented man, Alex Pardee is an icon of pers istence and individuality for thousands upon thousands of aspiring artists and seemingly lost inhabitants of Earth.

Employment Contract Essay

Employment Contract This Employment Agreement is made effective as of June 26th, 2013 and is between Joshua James, Frederick Alan, and Dave Darwin of the Builders Licensing and Training Institute in Grand Rapids, Michigan (referred to as â€Å"the company†) and John Andrews (referred to as â€Å"the employee†). The terms of this AT-WILL Employment Contract are set forth below. Employment. The Company shall employ John Andrews as a building instructor. This employee shall provide to the Company the following services: John Andrews accepts and agrees to such employment, and agrees to be subject to the general supervision, advice, and direction of the owners of the Company. The employee should perform duties that are customarily performed by an employee in this position. The Company shall employ John Andrews at least forty hours a week including holidays. Also, the employee may be required to work weekends and some mandatory overtime every pay period. Best Efforts of Employment. The employee John Andrews agrees to perform to the best of his ability, experience, and talents to perform the duties that may be set forth or expressed by the Company including the implicit terms of this agreement. Ownership of Social Media. Any social media that is used by the employee while under Company time is property of the Company. This includes but is not limited to contacts acquired through the Company examples like addresses, blogs, Twitter, Facebook, Youtube, Linked In, and other social media. Compensation of Employee. As compensation for the services provided by John Andrews under this agreement, the Company will pay John Andrews an annual salary of $50,000 in accordance with the Company’s usual payroll procedures, not including overtime pay which will be based upon the usual hourly rate for such employment. Upon termination of this agreement, payment shall cease, however, John Andrews shall be compensated for periods or partial periods  that occurred prior to the date of termination. Confidentiality After Termination of Employment. The confidentiality of this agreement and information of the company are special and unique assets and need to be protected from improper disclosure. In consideration of this, John Andrews agrees that for a period of two years following termination or removal from the company whether voluntary or involuntary will not directly or indirectly engage in any business competition with the Builders Licensing and Training Insitute. Employee Name ______________________________ Date _________________ Employee Signature _______________________________ Date _________________

Winnie

Kilye Harrelson Ms. Vogel British Literature 13 December 2010 Winnie the Pooh Christopher Robin. Owl. Rabbit. Kanga. Roo. Eeyore. Tigger. Piglet. Winnie the Pooh. Most Americans know who these characters are; they probably grew up reading about these characters at home or maybe even in school. These popular characters have been around for many years. Everybody has a favorite character in these stories that they can relate to in some kind of way. In the Winnie the Pooh stories, each character represents a different outlook on life and personality from which young readers can learn about other people and themselves.The only human character in the Winnie the Pooh stories is Christopher Robin. Christopher Robin is a young boy around eight years old. He is the son of Alan Alexander Milne the author of all the Winnie the Pooh stories. He has brown hair The characters in the Winnie the Pooh stories were originated from stuffed animals belonging to Christopher Robin. To me he is kind of like the hero in the story. Christopher often calls Pooh â€Å"silly old bear†(How Winnie The Pooh Works). When Pooh and the other animals are in trouble or in need of help, the animals know that Christopher Robin will always be there.He tries to solve his friend’s problems and he usually solves if not all but some of their problems. Christopher and his animal’s friends love to go on adventures in the Hundred Acre Woods where they live. Christopher is overall a true hero and a true friend. Owl is somewhat of a know-it-all in the stories. He's kind of like a teacher or a professor. He tries to give useful advice and suggestions. His words of wisdom usually come back and bite him in the butt. He loves to read books that are going to make him wiser such as dictionaries and encyclopedias.When Pooh or one of the other characters go over to Owl’s house to get them to go away he often says â€Å"well I must get back to my encyclopedia† (Hoff 42). Owl will tel l stories to guests and anyone who will listen. When he starts telling a story he tends to just go on and on. When he starts going on and on is usually when Pooh and the other animals will try and seek away. Owl can really be a real bore sometimes. He has the brains in the stories. He has the wisdom. Rabbit is always cranky and concerned that someone is going to mess up his beautiful garden. Tiger is usually the one that messes up his garden. He is very stubborn.Rabbit is very pushy and likes to make his own decisions. He is also a great speller compared to the other animals. He is very concerned about the important things in life. He happens to like a very serene life with no surprises. Although Tigger and Pooh bring him plenty of surprises. Rabbit loves gardening and his favorite thing to grow is carrots and other vegetables. He makes sure that he avoids Pooh during lunch time, so that Pooh doesn't eat everything from his garden. Rabbit is very smart. He actually makes in clear in a conversation with Owl where he says â€Å"You and I have brains. The others have fluff†(Mander).He thinks he the smartest animal in the One Hundred Acre Woods. Rabbit and Owl are the only real animals in the story. The others are stuffed animals. Kanga is the motherly figure in the story. She is the voice of reason. She is the mother of a baby kangaroo named Roo. She is always very helpful. She comforts all of the other animals when they are feeling low or down about something. She is the fastest animal in the One Hundred Acre Woods. She carries her family in a pocket that is on the front of her body. She is always warning her son Roo about the dangers in the adventures that he goes on with Tiger and the other animals.Kanga is always saying â€Å"Now now Roo, you mustn’t do that dear† to which Roo mostly replies â€Å"But moma! † (Mander). She is always worrying about Roo getting hurt on all of the adventures he goes on. Kanga goes over to Pooh’ s house to try and teach him how to jump. Kanga is very proud of her son Roo and the rest of the gang too. Roo is the youngest character in the story. His best friend is Tiger. He loves going on adventures with Tiger and all of the other animals. Roo and Tiger area always bouncing everywhere they go. Even though Roo knows better he is always getting into some kind of trouble.He is kind of a trouble maker when he's with Tigger. He loves discovering new things in life. Don't let his age fool you. He often expresses his thoughts that make him sound a lot wiser and older then he really is. He is kind of like a little kid in pre-school because, he is steady in trouble. Eeyore is my favorite character in the story. He is about three years old. He is a very gloomy donkey. He is hardly ever happy but his grumpiness might come from having a tail pined in his butt all of the time. Eeyore doesn't see himself as gloomy. He just has low expectations. But he is a very lovable character.He is alwa ys losing his tail. He depends on his friends to find his tail. When his friends find it Christopher Robin has to fix his tail using a drawing pin. He is very intelligent but likes to keep to his self. He loves that his friends care enough about him to remember him on his birthday. He often says â€Å"Thanks for noticin’ me and â€Å"Oh well† (Mander). His house is always getting knocked over by someone or something mostly Tigger bounces them down. He spends most of his time trying to put it back together. He says â€Å"Ah, that’s why nobody’s bothered, I suppose. I thought perhaps they’d forgotten† (Hoff 17).Nobody ever helps him put his house back together. But he never says a word to anyone about it. Even though Eeyore might act like he's helping just because there's nothing else to do. Don't under estimate him because he is always there for his friends. Tigger is kind of like the ADHD kid in the world today. He can never sit still. He i s always moving around. He has black and orange stripes and a springy tail. Tigger loves to bounce â€Å"cause that is what Tiggers to best†(Mander). He bounces everywhere he goes. He is the one of the kind creature in the story because of his springy tail.Tigger and Roo are always going on adventures and getting into trouble. Tigger doesn't mean to but he always messes up Rabbits garden. Tigger is always looking to make the best out of what life has to offer. The most wonderful thing about Tiggers is that â€Å"I'm the only one! â€Å"(Mander). Tigger is very hyperactive. He loves trying to help others with their problems. He also takes a lot of pleasure in being able to â€Å"unbounce† some of the other animals in the One Hundred Acre Woods(Mander). He has a very fun loving personality. Tigger is a one of the very loved animals in the One Hundred Acre Woods.Everybody loves him except for rabbit. He drives Rabbit insane. When Tigger finds out something exciting he c an't wait to go and tell his friends about it. Piglet is a very small little pink pig. He's very shy and afraid of everything. But at the same time he is very brave. He always wears a long pink striped shirt. Piglet loves to go on adventures with his best friend Winnie the Pooh. He loves bright colors and balloons. But his favorite thing to do is blow dandelions. The first thing that Piglet utters when he gets up in the morning is â€Å"I wonder what's going to happen exciting today? â€Å"(Mander).Piglet is very afraid of the dark. Whenever Piglet gets scared he often says â€Å"Oh, d-d-d-dear†(Meet the Characters). Even though Piglet is a â€Å"very small animal†, he will conquer his fears to help his friends (How Winnie the Pooh Works). Even though Piglet is so small He has a very big heart and loves all of his friends very much. Winnie the Pooh is a very friendly and loving bear. He goes by Pooh or Pooh bear. But Never by Winnie. he wears an old red shirt. Pooh l oves honey with a passion. He spells honey â€Å"hunny†. He is always getting in to some kind of trouble trying to look for honey.If he ever runs out of honey he will go around and ask every single one of his friends if they have a jar. He tries to get honey from beehives also and bees always chase him for trying to take their honey. Pooh has very little brains and with tell you that himself. He does a lot of silly things. He is friend with everyone in the One Hundred Acre Woods. The first thing Pooh says when he wakes up in the morning is â€Å"what's for breakfast†(Mander). He loves going on adventure with Christopher Robin, Piglet and all of the other animals. Pooh is always looking for â€Å"Hunny to Fill the Rumblee in his Tumblee†(Mander).Pooh is also a hero in a way. But when people think of Pooh, they think kind, loving, sweet, helpful, friendly old bear. At the end of all these wonderful stories Christopher Robin has to go off to school to learn the alp habet and how to write. School becomes important to Christopher Robin and he doesn't have time to spend with Pooh and the other animals. His childhood was ending, but his friends did not change one single little bit. They understood that Christopher Robin had to go to school to learn so that he could come back and teach them new things. Such as the alphabet, reading, and how to write.But because the animals are true friends they did not get mad a t Christopher Robin for leaving them behind. I think that the lesson in these stories is that friendship is a very important thing in life that everybody needs. Everybody needs a friend that they know will be there through thick and thin. There are several other lessons in these stories. Like everyone has a hero or that everybody can conquer their fears. Everyone reads these stories when there little but when they get older they recognize the real meanings and lessons in the story.Works Cited Disney. Meet the Characters. 010. <http://dis ney. go. com/index>. HowStuffWorks. Inc. How Winnie the Pooh Works. 2010. 1998-2010 <http://electronics. howstuffworks. com/how-winnie-the-pooh-works1. htm>. Mander, Keith. Characters from Winnie the Pooh. . 1998-2010 <http://www. just-pooh. com/100acre. html>. Mander, Keith. History of Winnie the Pooh. . 1998-2010 <http://www. just-pooh. com/history. html>. Shepard, Ernest H. The Tao Of Pooh. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1982. Wikstrom, Marilyn. Winnie-the-Pooh. 2010. 17 Nov. 2010 <http://web. ebscohost. com/lrc/detail>.