Legal System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Legal System - Essay Example The lack of education or literacy rate in a country could lead it to the high crime rate among young people that provides incentives for committing crimes due to instable economical situation. With the provision of education in the people the rule of law may be strengthen. The primary and secondary educations are very important in this regard; they work as a base for the future education of an individual. We should strengthen the legal system and provide education to the people for strengthening the society. To provide a crackdown on the crimes and to eliminate unhealthy tendencies in the society we should understand the importance of law and the matters falling in the purview of the law should be left to the judicial institutions. It is not legal for an individual to directly concern himself with such matters. One should be careful about inner discipline. Legal problems should be left on the shoulders of the state and the government to decide. If an individual intervenes in everything than it would be very difficult for the people to understand the importance and integrity of the law. Violations of laws disturb the society, self-personality, family and friends. Everyone in the society should make efforts to strengthen the law at large extent as it provides security, mental satisfaction and causes progress for the country. There should be no tendencies of ignoring or violating the laws in the country. Indispensable legal systems should be implemented in the country. By the passing of time, the law has been divided into different subjects and topics; the reason was to make it easily understandable in terms of different aspects of the law. The law is also being taught in different topics and subjects. Even cases are decided on different grounds. To make the process easy, different courts have been established that deal with different kinds of cases in their purview. Following are the different topics of the law: Legal Kinds of Law: Criminal Law. Contact Law. Tort Law (Breach) Property law Trust and Equity Law. Administrative law. International Law. Legal Systems Civil Law. Common Law. Religious Law. Institutions of Law Judiciary Legislature. Executive. Military and Police. Bureaucracy. Civil Society. Legal Profession. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law) Law as Legal Subject Almost in every country, the law is taught in different subjects/topics, like in England, the knowledge of law is provided in almost seven different subjects. All laws have the same approach and legal system and same issues around the world, although different names are used to elaborate laws. For example, in the Civil law contract and the breach of contract would fall under the purview of law of obligations and trusts and will be processed under legal regimes or under the international conventions and agreements. Outside of the Europe international laws are being dealt under different agreements other than European laws like North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), South Asia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA), South American Community of Nations (CSN), Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and other different trade and other agreements to settle the dispute. But it is worth mentioning that there is

Working in a Virtual World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Working in a Virtual World - Essay Example This brings in the best of the talent present in the multiple locations in which the virtual world exists. Moreover, the virtual world brings forth the use of many technologies, which makes it even more interesting, as communication and collaboration becomes easier and working on any project becomes a dream-come-true even if each member of the project is kilometers away from each other. The barriers that would have been present in any virtual organizations - that of time and distance - have been conveniently removed by the technologies that are used, essentially that of telecommunications and computing. Furthermore, the virtual organization is flexible, because it is the management of an organization over a virtual set up. This also makes the virtual organization dynamic and ever-changing; it is restless in nature and dares to experiment with new ideas and creative techniques of operation. And lastly, the most important attribute which gives virtual organizations a unique touch is th e integration that results and which enhances and brings out the best in all individuals to level out complete synergy and work in favor of the organization. There is always a limit as to the efficient performance of the communications network that has been set up. As will be mentioned in the next few pages, handling and managing communication with remote workers will be one of the biggest challenges for the organization. For example, there will be a potential limit as to how much of transmission can the bandwidth set up do. Therefore, the moment that limit is crossed, the speed of communication gets slowed down and thus collaboration gets difficult. (Gareth, 1998) A very big disadvantage for virtual organizations lies in the fact that there may be hardware and software compatibility issues with the remote workers. The hardware that the remote worker uses will most probably be personal and would not be a specialized computer, rather just a simple one to keep at a house. The software that the management expects the remote worker to use would be specialized and would not be that efficient on an old, slow or mediocre computer. Thus, this mismatch is likely to result in low productivity and frustration of the employee to get things done the way management wants him to do. Computer security is an issue for the virtual organizations because they exist on around a million personal computers of all their remote workers. Leakage of information is highly likely. Technology that is being used in managing a virtual organization is most likely to evolve over time. Updating it in the many computers of the many remote workers would be difficult. The Advantages - Employee and Employer The virtual organization has many advantages for the employee: Often organizations experience an increase in production, but there is no as such acceleration in productivity, as should be the case. Therefore, implementing a virtual organization helps increase productivity and the number of output per worker, thus improving quality and not just the quantity of work that is being produced. Moreover, the employee is always at a pressure from all the

Dorian Gray And Death In Venice Analysis English Literature Essay

Dorian Gray And Death In Venice Analysis English Literature Essay In chapter one I have shown that both Aestheticism and Nietzsche promote art for arts sake and believe that art justifies itself and does not need to have a purpose since art is purpose in itself, the purpose of life. Nietzsche urges artists to look inside themselves and give importance to both the Apollonian, that is, the rational and the Dionysian, that is, the passionate side of their personality. According to him, only by achieving equilibrium between these two opposite and, in the meantime, complementary forces will artists be able to create authentic works of art. This chapter centers on the analysis of The Picture of Dorian Gray and Death in Venice from the Aesthetic and Nietzschean perspective. In both novels, the protagonists are artists that cultivate beauty in their works and lives and that oscillate between the Apollonian and Dionysian. Since Nietzsche points out that both the Apollonian and the Dionysian govern the human existence, I will show how these two forces compet e in each character in their search for beauty. Both Oscar Wilde and Thomas Mann struggled against what was prevalent and what was expected of an artist in their eras. They fought against becoming what Lord Henry criticises in The Picture of Dorian Gray: Modern morality consists in accepting the standard of ones age. I consider that for any man of culture to accept the standard of his age is a form of the grossest immorality (Wilde 92). Wildes new version of the old aestheticism deploys subjectivity, individuality, and the autonomy of art against the supposed objectivity and professionalism of nineteenth century science and its offshoot in literature, that is, realism. In Oscar Wilde, Thomas Mann discovered much of the essential Nietzsche, his furious war on morality and his transvaluation of moral into aesthetic values. As affirmed in The Decay of Lying, Oscar Wildes philosophy on art insists on the fact that art should find perfection in itself, that it has as its object not simple truth, as Victorians expected it to express, but complex beauty. As he points out in the preface of the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, the artist is the creator of beautiful things and those who find beautiful meanings in beautiful things are the cultivated (Wilde 5). A common feature of The Portrait of Dorian Gray and Death in Venice is their celebration of beauty in artistic creation. Thus, Lord Henry Wotton believes that Beauty is of the great facts of the world, like sunlight, or spring-time, or the reflection in dark waters of that silver shell we call the moon. It has its divine right of sovereignty (Wilde 29) and Aschenbach thinks that nature itself shivers with ecstasy when the mind bows down in homage before beauty (Mann 460). The artists pursuit of beauty constitutes both their inspiration, the purpose of th eir creation and their perdition. Through their celebration of art as a main theme, The Picture of Dorian Gray and Death in Venice share some common points in their analysis of the artist. In his work, The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche affirms that artistic creation depends on a collaboration between two opposite forces which he terms the Apollonian and the Dionysian. He believed that true artistic creations have to be generated by people that were not only highly civilised and cultured, but also passionate. According to him, only in the balance of these forces could art arise. Nietzsche described the good artists as maintaining a balance between two forces, the Dionysian, or those associated with the god Dionysus and the Apollonian, those associated with the god Apollo. While Dionysus was the god of fecund nature, spring, regeneration, wine, and intoxication, and orgiastic extravagance, Apollo was the god of light, of form which shapes drives and instincts into clarity and order. While Dionysus was often associated wi th music, a passionate, engrossing art form, Apollo was associated with sculpture, a rigid, detached art form. Like Nietzsche, Oscar Wilde and Thomas Mann believe that the conflict between conscious will and uncontrolled passion, between rationality or morality and passionate art represents a very serious struggle in human existence. This is the reason why the artists trajectory towards death in both fictional works is a descent to either extreme and a failure to maintain equilibrium between these two opposite forces. In The Picture of Dorian Gray, the three major characters, Basil Hallward, Lord Hnry Wotton, and Dorian Gray are at the same time different aesthetes and parts of the same self. In Death in Venice, the poet Gustav von Aschenbach is the only protagonist and artist in the novella, but he has common features with all three different characters from Oscar Wildes novel. Each of these artists, unique in their mode of thinking and personality, undergoes serious changes provoked by factors beyond their control. Aschenbachs resemblance to Basil is manifested in his Apollonian concern with exhausting work. They both believe that hard work leads to perfection and that perfection is the key to the artistic talent. They both reject passion because they think it blocks the pursuit of excellence. Hallwards aestheticism is manifested in his complete devotion to exclusive artistic creations. His ambition and struggle is to become one with his art. He searches in the outside world for the perfect manifestations of his soul and when he finds them, he can create masterpieces by painting them. His fatal misake is that in creating the portrait of Dorian Gray, Basil puts too much of himself into it, (Wilde 18), which Lord Henry criticises for at some point in the novel, by arguing that an artist should create beautiful things, but should nothing of his own life into them (Wilde 25). Gustave von Aschenbach is introduced as the extreme case of the civilised Apollonian, neoclassical artist who becomes a hero of the times given his self-controlled manner of labouring on the edge of exhaustion: Gustave Aschenbach was the poet-spokesman of all those who labour at the edge of exhaustion; of the overburdened, of those who are already worn out but still hold themselves upright; of all our modern moralizers of accomplishment with stunted growth and scanty resources. (Mann 426) He is, thus, the prototypical modern artist. However, the fact that he has spent his entire life without acknowledging his passions and desires foreshadows possible problems in the future because, according to Freud, repressed passions will sooner or later rise to the surface. Thus, he gradually abandons his commitment to Apollo when he first journeys to Venice and, later, when he decides to remain there. He passes beyond balance and reason, substituting beauty for morality, even though the cost of such a choice is death. Far from being fruitful to the artistic purpose of their lives, their vulnerability to the perfect classic beauty of both Dorian Gray and Tadzio overshadows the resulting art itself. Both Basil and Gustaves worlds start revolving around their muses and, unawares, they grow dependent on their presence. Thus, Hallward admits that: I couldnt be happy if I didnt see [Dorian] every day. He is absolutely necessary to me (Wilde 18) and Gustave, once he meets Tadzio, can no longer leave Venice, even though the city does him serious harm: He felt the rapture of his blood, the poignant pleasure, and realized that it was for Tadzios sake the leavetaking had been so hard (Mann 455). The obsessive admiration for the perfect physical beauty is what binds Basil Hallward and Gustave Aschenbach and what leads them towards destruction. Once they discover perfect beauty, the Dionysian force is unleashed and it can hardly be controlled. Both artists worship beauty in their creations. As Aschenbach declares, in almost every artists nature is inborn a wonton and treacherous proneness to side with the beauty that breaks hearts, to single out aristocratic pretensions and pay them homage (Mann 441). The ideal of beauty is represented in The Picture of Dorian Gray and Death in Venice by the youthful Dorian and Tadzio. Basil confesses that Dorian is all my art to me now (Wilde 16) and Gustave decides that [Tadzio] should be in a sense his model, his style should follow the lines of this figure that seemed to him divine (Mann 461). However, the beauty of the two young men is not only a source of artistic inspiration, it very soon starts exerting influence on the artists. Basil argues that [Dorians] personality has suggested me an entirely new manner in art, an entirely new mode of style. I see things differently, I think of them differently. I can now recreate life in a way that was hidden from me before (Wilde 17) and in Aschenbachs case, [Tadzios lovely apparition] was that filled him with content, with joy in life, enriched his stay, and lingered out the row of sunny days that fell into place so pleasantly one behind the other (Mann 457). Once conscious of the serious role beauty plays in their lives, Basil Hallward and Gustave Aschenbach become concerned to hide it, fearful that if they reveal it, they will in fact, unveil their souls. Thus, Basil tells his friend, Lord Henry, that he will not exhibit the portrait, his grand masterpiece, because I will not bare my soul to [the worlds] shallow prying eyes. My heart shall never be put under their microscope. There is too much of myself in the thing, too much of myself (Wilde 18). Aschenbach, too, feels a strange relief because the world sees only the beauty of the completed work and not its origins nor the conditions whence it sprang; since knowledge of the artists inspiration might often but confuse and alarm and so prevent the full effect of its excellence (Mann 461). The tragic ending of Basil and Gustave is a consequence of their inability to find a balance between the Apollonian and the Dionysian sides of their lives. Lord Henry warns the artist that the only way to get rid of a temptation is to yield to it. Resist it and your soul grows sick with longing for the things it has forbidden to itself, with desire for what its monstrous laws have made monstrous and unlawful (Wilde 26). Accustomed to resist any other thoughts than those related to artistic creation, Hallward and Aschenbach find themselves incapable to control their excessive admiration for beauty and they are, therefore, destroyed by it. Lord Henry Wotton is an aesthete of the mind. If Basil is an artist who uses the brush, Lord Henry is an artist who uses words. Lord Henrys philosophy on life and art resembles in a great measure that of Nietzsche, in that they both celebrate the primacy of individual senses and feelings over reason and morality. Lord Henry, like Nietzsche, urges the artist to accept his Dionysian, dark and mysterious world of the instinct, to live his life fully and take advantage of its pleasures, for art is a form of exaggeration, the product of spontaneity: I believe that if one man were to live out his life fully and completely, were to give form to every feeling, expression to every thought, reality to every dream, I believe that the world would gain such a fresh impulse of joy that we would forget all the maladies of medievalism and return to the Hellenic ideal, to something finer, richer than the Hellenic ideal, as it may be. (Wilde 25) Lord Henry, like Nietzsche, believes that the unsatisfactory status of modern art is due to the individuals fear to acknowledge their passions, that is, the Dionysian side of their own selves, and turn them into something beautiful and authentic: The mutilation of the savage has its tragic survival in the self-denial that mars our lives. We are punished for our refusals. Every impulse that we strive to strangle broods in the mind and poison us (Wilde 25). The influence that Lord Henrys philosophy exerts on Dorian Gray can be compared to the influence that the trip to Venice has on Gustave Aschenbach. Both Lord Henry and Venice represent the voice that alerts the repressed side of Dorian and Aschenbach. Both Dorian Gray and Aschenbach change completely when they come in contact with the delightful influence of Lord Henrys magic words and the exoticism of Venice. When he meets Henry Wotton, Dorian feels that the few words that Basils friend had said to him had touched some secret chord that had never been touched before, but that he felt was now vibrating and throbbing to curious pulses (Wilde 26). The perspective of travelling to Venice unleashed in Aschenbach a craving for freedom, release, forgetfulness which the artist admitted to be an impulse towards flight, flight from the spot which was the daily theatre of a rigid, cold and passionate service (Mann 420-421).

Hollowicked and Arcane Battle Against One Another Essay -- Fantasy Genr

In the following, I will analyse the film Arcane in order to clarify whether it constitutes a fantasy genre. To do so I will concentrate on the characteristics of a fantasy genre. How it can be recognised. Fantasies are what depart from our understanding of reality. To answer the initial question, a closer analysis of the structural elements (cinematography), the narrative approach and the theme of Arcane will disclose if it departs significantly from our understanding of reality. Only if I can discover the answer to this question to be proven, it is possible to proceed with the following question. Nochimson (2010) stated, â€Å"Hollywood trains us to expect escapism, to enter into a fantasy world where the colours are brighter, all desires are fulfilled, and there are know obstacles that the hero cant overcome.† The first scene of analysis is the opening scene, for the very reason that it shapes the audience’s expectations of what is to come. From a cinematography point of view, there is a great use of abstract dark colours, like the unusual metallic blue used to give a night-time effect. Arcane is in his astounding costume and Valerie’s opposite him walking slowly towards each other through the overpowering rain. The actions taken place already suggest a significant departure from reality, as it is very hard to identify with the depicted surrounding and its properties which seems to create an unrealistic atmosphere. Through the use of jump cuts this atmosphere is enhanced: they disrupt the continuity (Brown 2002) of the viewer’s perception and therefore add to this feeling of estrangement and awkwardness. Subsequently we end up in Nick’s bedroom upon waking from his dream. Between the two scenes the colours used give a clea... ...ut his desires. The moral of the story is that he learns that friendship is more important. Striving to get with the girl, Nick grows as a character. D.Ledesma mentioned, â€Å"Quests help the characters to grow as they strive for an object or ideal. The struggles between opposing forces are to achieve or restore balance to the world. Themes of heroism and coming of age bring about growth in characters. Other themes appear in Fantasy but these are the major ones† Given the definition of fantasy, it is fairly clear to claim that it is highly probable for the film to constitute a fantasy genre, because all scenes analysed from above and the short comparison with Brazil displayed a significant departure from reality. Having discovered that the elements needed for a film to constitute a fantasy genre are present in Arcane, I am now able to move on to the next question.

11th Grade

During the founding of the new nation, the United States, there were a number of influential people who made important decisions based on their various opinions. These people, the founding fathers of the United States, would set examples, ideals, and rules for many leaders to come. Our first president George Washington, our 3rd president Thomas Jefferson, and our first Supreme Court justice John Marshall were all very important and influential individuals. Together, their opinions and ideals helped shape the growth of our nation from domestic policy to the basis of the government’s operation. George Washington was the first president of the United States of America as well as one of its founding fathers. When he resigned from office and gave his farewell address, he stated three of his opinions that would be very influential in the development of the United States. During that farewell address, he addressed two very important issues. First was that the United States of America should remain in the most neutral position possible when it came to foreign affairs (this would be ignored by latter presidents). Second was that no political parties should be formed within the new government. These were significant statements because they helped to shape the foundation and cultural beginnings of the new American government. In addition to his farewell advice, he informally set the presidential term limit to two terms, a tradition which has been upheld to this day with very few exceptions. (Note: FDR was the only president to hold three terms) These opinions were important to him because he believed that they would enable the people to grow together as one strong, unified nation. While his ideals were certainly not held up forever, they allowed us to build up our country before civil war broke out among the southern and northern states. President Thomas Jefferson was also a very important and influential president because of his strong opinions on creating a unifying domestic policy. His opinions about the power given to the president were also important. In one of his most famous moments he said, â€Å"We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. † This was a very important moment because it demonstrated an emerging American spirit and encouraged one of the ideals instilled by George Washington. By unifying the people of the different parties as â€Å"Americans†, he helped to promote a feeling of unity among the states. This was one of the ideals promoted by George Washington when he warned America not to form political parties; it’s the same issue of unity, just addressed from a different angle. It also helped to calm the growing distress and conflict between the Republican and Federalist parties. Another very important accomplishment that happened when Jefferson was in office was the Louisiana Purchase. While it was significant because it more than doubled the size of the United States, it was also a source of much debate. In the arguments against Jefferson there were many people who believed that the Louisiana Purchase was unconstitutional. Most prominent was whether the President had the power to spend 15 million dollars on a segment of land without the approval of the people (Congress, etc). His choice to spend the money was important because it basically said, â€Å"I’m the president and I have power. † His actions don't directly reflect his stated beliefs in strong state government, but they do illustrate the fact that he often chose the most pragmatic route in his decisions and put the good of the country over his personal beliefs John Marshall, the first Supreme Court justice, was a very influential figure because his beliefs and opinions developed and gave power to the Supreme Court and the judiciary branch for the first time. One of the most important contributions he made for the Supreme Court was the concept of judicial review. After the case of Marbury vs. Madison, the Supreme Court was given the power to review laws, and court cases in order to determine whether a law or case was constitutional. John Marshall also extended the power of the Supreme Court to cover all matters not explicitly mentioned to be governed in the state. In short, he created most of the power that is invested in the Supreme Court today. The most influential of these three men was John Marshall. He was the most influential person because he created a strong judicial branch, something that is essential to the system of checks and balances. Without the power that currently resides in the Judiciary branch of the United States, the government would be an unbalanced system that would be able to create laws between the executive branch and legislative branch without any chance of rulings on constitutionality from the court. For example, in the case of Dred Scott vs. Sanford (a famous case regarding slaves’ Constitutional rights), the Supreme Court struck down several federal laws, including the Missouri Compromise, which was ruled unconstitutional. While most people today wouldn’t agree with the ruling given in Dred Scott, it still shows the power of the judicial system, able to strike down Federal law in accordance with an era’s political and social climate. The separation of powers is one of the most important parts of our government and without it our modern government would not exist in the same definition as it does today.

EU and NAFTA: On Human Rights Essay

The European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has had several initiatives that address human rights issues. These initiatives obligate and mandate its signatories and the member states to follow particular rules regarding human rights. In terms of influence, varying levels of success can be noted. The human right action done by both organizations is notable, although the level of success is arguable, as there are criticisms to implementation and scope of these programs. Also, there are still existing issues on human rights that has yet been addressed and influenced by these international organizations. European Union The European Union has human rights as one of its priorities, as it conducts dialogues and coordinates with other countries and international organization. In fact, the EU has institutionalized the focus and prioritization of the issue by establishing the European Court of Human Rights which was founded as product of the European Convention on Human Rights. This court has resolved some very notable cases, and until now serves as a mechanism and agency to promote human rights and prosecute its violators. The Human Rights Watch notes however that some anti-terrorism strategies has resulted in some human rights violations in the EU, as laws protecting human rights have been weakened. Also, the EU policy on migration and refugees altogether prevents asylum seekers and refugees, even deporting them back to the home country. This is a strong indication that the EU has not perfected its human rights strategy by neglecting these issues, even detaining migrants, as Human Rights Watch notes. Individual EU members also committed human rights violations with regards to the policy of refugees and migration. The NAFTA has had initiatives and agreements that address some human rights concerns, but it has gathered criticisms on its inability to effectively implement the provisions. Also, the need to balance trade and human rights is emphasized as one of the lacking values of the organization. Some human rights initiative of the NAFTA has proven to be not very successful; as impressive as the texts of the agreement are, the implementation falls short of expectations and has had disappointing results. For instance the Human Rights Watch notes that the NAFTA Labor Accord was ineffective, and that its results should serve as lesson for future trade agreements. This labor accord – the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation – was supposed to harmonize trade relations and labor rights, but this agreement has not elicited any results. Labor rights protection should be part and parcel of any trade agreement, but not one of the complaints of abuse and injustice has been addressed by the NAFTA initiative. The FIDH Report on the effects on human rights of the NAFTA also notes that although the organization promoted stronger economic links between United States and Mexico, it has essentially dismantled Mexico’s agricultural industry and made it dependent on the US. This has impacted negatively on the situation of Mexico, with increased poverty as result of NAFTA initiatives. Labor law reforms, as was mentioned above, also have to be considered to prevent abuse of human rights. Conclusion The European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement are not devoid of concern for human rights issues, but the existing and past initiatives has to be reinforced in order to effectively influence its member states and the human rights situation.

Decisions in Paradise II

Decisions in Paradise II Decisions in Paradise IIAs described in the previous paper, Decisions in Paradise: Part I, Kava is currently facing several issues on the island and is in need of assistanceIdentify the causes of the problemsThe first major cause of the problem is the natural disasters that hit this island. These natural disasters can destroy the people, land, crops and cause petroleum spill. A large petroleum spill or fire could do very serious damage to the island and this affect the people and economy. The other cause of the problem is the 50% of the population is younger than 15 years old. Since Alex never mentioned anything about the education system, I assume that these young adults are not educated. Without an education, it would be difficult for them find any professional job. Without decent job, they will not be able to help to develop and strengthen Kava's future economy.In additions, the government is the cause of the problems as well because either they are not doing enough or not knowled geable with what needs to be done for the island; otherwise, Kava would not have required Nihon, Inc.'sKAVA UTOIKAMANUassistance. Although languages can cause a problem; however, language will not be a major issue for the company. Since Nihon, Inc. is a global organization, it has many affiliate offices around the world such as Asia, Europe, Africa, and Latin American. The company can assign a couple employees from each of these countries to assist Alex and me with the communication.Frame alternativesAlex and I proposed a plan to Chris Morales to let him aware what is needed and a budget to begin rebuilding and reconstruction the island; for example, humanitarian aid, temporary housing, disaster prevention, education, training and clinical study trial.Because of the U.S. government not being prepare for the Hurricane Katrina in 2005, many people were left without food and water. Food and water are the essential necessities for people to survive. Nihon, Inc. will work with organizati ons such as World Food Programme (WFP) or Worldwide Disaster Aid (WDA) to establish a location on Kava to receive donations such as food, water, medical supplies, and clothing for the people (wikipedia, 2007).Setting up temporary shelter is important as well. Many people had nowhere to go when Hurricane Katrina hit. Luckily, they were able to use the Louisiana Superdome as a temporary shelter. Having temporary shelter will provide safety for the people during natural disaster. The company can work with prefabricated trailers manufacturers to get a cheap price or the company can request a donation from the U.S government.Aside from basic needs, disaster prevention is primary consideration in the rebuilding phase. With the assistant from Kava's government and military, we can work together to set up a warning systems that will alert the islanders before any disaster strikes.In addition, setting up training and education system for the people especially the young adults are crucial. Wi th the potential natural disasters, training in such as emergency response and volunteer work is vital for the people of Kava. Moreover, if Nihon, Inc. is going to help to create strong economic environment for Kava, the young adults need to be educated because they will be the future employees of Nihon, Inc. and the future of Kava.Furthermore, Nihon, Inc. is a pharmaceutical company; it would be a good idea to do a clinical study trial on HIV/AIDS and avian flu. The company can start with a Phase I of the study to see if it works. If the result is positive, the company can continue with Phase II which key focus will be mostly the unhealthy population. If the clinical trial continues to provide positive results on the drug and it gets approved, it would be tremendous help to the patients and their families. This will benefit the company as well because the company will be able to continue to do research on future clinical studies.Evaluate impacts of alternativesAs Alex and I evaluat e the impacts of our alternatives, we consider the pros and cons of each alternative. Working with humanitarian organizations, setting up disasters warning system, educations, and training will not only benefit Kava but Chris Morales as well because it will be good public relations for the company. In addition, doing a clinical study will help the island's patients and doctors' financial problem because the company pays them to participate in the study.Although, doing a clinical study will help the financial burden for some families and eventually develop a cure; however, it takes time to conduct a study. The study can takes from one to seven years depending on the clinical results. In addition, there is no guarantee that the drug will get approve. Furthermore, we consider religions and cultures of the people as well. How do they feel having a foreign company conducting a study on the island? Are these people open-minded? Is it against their religion?Make the decisionAs Alex mention ed to me previously, Chris Morales had a deep-seeded commitment to doing what is right. Chris Morales's mission is to give first thought to patients and their families. Helping the citizen of Kava is his number one priority. Therefore, Alex and I decided to focus on helping the people get back on their feet first. Once people believe that they are safe and ready to go back to their normal lives, we will be able to move forward with our plan to rebuild Kava. We decided the first step is to fix the office so that we can use the office. We then work with humanitarian organizations, Kava's citizen, and helping organizations to clean up the mess on the island and start rebuilding Kava. Furthermore, Chris Morales will select a clinical study team to begin researching new drugs for HIV/AID and avian flu.ReferenceUniversity of Phoenix, (2007). Decisions in paradise business scenario. Retrieved June 15, 2007, from University of Phoenix, Week Two, rEsource. MGT350 - Critical Thinking: Strateg ies in decision making.https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/resource/resource.asp(2007, June 28). Humanitarian Aid. Retrieved July 2, 2007, from en.wikipedia.org Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitarian_aid

APA and Chicago Manual Of Style Writing

APA and Chicago Manual Of Style Writing Whether youre writing your first high school term paper, or putting the finishing touches on your doctoral thesis, a great essay needs more than simply good ideas. For ease of reading and proper citations, you need to make sure that your writing is encapsulated in one of the standard forms. You should first better acquaint you with the two most popular writing styles for term papers todaythe APA and Chicago Manual of Style formats. Using Approved Styles for Citations One of the most important functions of both the APA Style and Chicago Manual of Style is citation creation. Few thoughts are wholly original, but youll want to make sure that any supporting materials you quote are properly cited. Failing to properly cite your sources amounts to plagiarism, which can ruin your academic career in a single instance. Remember the days of endless footnotes and bulky numbered lists of citations at the end of an academic paper? The beauty of these new formats is that you can make your citations in an easier way with little effort. Using parenthetical citations, you can quickly cite your source, and add publication information to a simple list of cited works at the papers end. Using Approved Styles for Standard Writing Whether you are a newspaper reporter, or simply are writing for an Internet publication, youll want to make certain that youre using the right style. How you and your company are perceived rests, in large part, in the quality of your writing. You will want to be sure your capitalization and punctuation is more than correctyoull want to make sure it meets the accepted standards. How do you find out what those standards are? Simply by using either the APA format or the Chicago Manual of Style format, you can align your writing to the most popular standards out there. Across the country, most newspapers use the Chicago Manual of Style as a measuring stick against which all their copy is compared. Academia has likewise embraced the APA style guide as standard, expecting its publications to adhere to its standards. What You Might Not Know about Modern Language Most of us consider ourselves good, solid writers. But how perfected is your style? Do you know when to capitalize technological terms, and when to double and single space quotations? How would you quote poetry, if you had to? Beyond these stylistic questions, you might also find you have questions on the finer points of grammar. The tragedy of modern day education is that while you are certainly expected to use correct grammar, many public institutions no longer teach grammar and usage heavily. Many writers no longer know when to use who or whom, and few could tell you exactly when to use a semi-colon over a comma. These basic grammatical points, when overlooked, can make your writing look sloppy and juvenile. How to Perfect Your Writing Maybe youre looking for APA and Chicago Manual Of Style Writing Resources. But sometimes the information contained in most of these resources is partial or incomplete. Do you have a specific question youre having trouble answering? Luckily, you can find solid, comprehensive APA and Chicago Manual of Style writing resources that cover all of your citation and style needs. Using the magic of technology, you can purchase APA format software or publication manual to use as a complete reference tool. Tighten your writing, and ensure the accuracy of business and academic papers by perfecting your style.

Definition and Examples of Expletives in English

Definition and Examples of Expletives in English In English grammar, expletive (pronounced EX-pli-tiv, from Latin, to fill) is a traditional term for a word- such as there  or  it- that serves to shift the emphasis in a sentence or embed one sentence in another.  Sometimes called a syntactic expletive or  (because the expletive has no  apparent  lexical meaning) an  empty word. There is also a second definition. In general usage, an expletive is an exclamatory word or expression, often one thats profane or obscene. In the book Expletive Deleted: A Good Look at Bad Language (2005), Ruth Wajnryb points out that expletives are frequently uttered without addressing anyone specifically. In this sense, they are reflexive- that is, turned in on the user. Examples and Observations of the First Definition Rather than providing a grammatical or structural meaning as the other structure-word classes do, the expletives- sometimes defined as empty words- generally act simply as operators that allow us to manipulate sentences in a variety of ways. (Martha Kolln, Understanding English Grammar, 1998) Full (Content) Words and  Empty (Form) Words It is now generally accepted that the absolute terms (full words and empty  words) and the rigid division of the dichotomy are misleading: on the one hand, there is no agreed way of quantifying the degrees of fullness which exist; on the other hand, the only words which seem to qualify as empty are the forms of be, to, there, and it- but only in certain of their uses, of course, viz. be as copula, infinitival to, there and it as unstressed subject props. . . . Most of the words commonly adduced as empty (e.g., of, the) can be shown to contain meaning, definable in terms other than stating grammatical contexts . . .. (David Crystal, English Word Classes. Fuzzy Grammar: A Reader,  ed by Bas Aarts et al. Oxford University Press, 2004)I dont believe them, Buttercup thought. There are no sharks in the water and there is  no blood in his cup. (William Goldman,  The Princess Bride, 1973)When youre not here to look at me I have to laugh at  your absurd powers. (Rosellen Brown, How to Win. The Massachusetts Review, 1975) Its  a pity that Kattie couldnt be here tonight. (Penelope Fitzgerald,  The Bookshop. Gerald Duckworth, 1978)There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle. (attributed to Albert Einstein) Expletive Constructions: Stylistic Advice [A] device for emphasizing a particular word (whether the normal complement or the normal subject) is the so-called expletive construction, in which we begin the sentence with It is or There is. Thus, we can write: It was a book that John gave (or simply It was a book). But we can also write, throwing stress on the normal subject: It was John who gave the book. . . .Be on your guard against drifting into expletive or passive constructions. Obviously we achieve no emphasis if . . . we begin a good half of our sentences with It is or There is . . .. All emphasis or haphazard emphasis is no emphasis. (Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren, Modern Rhetoric, 3rd ed. Harcourt, 1972) Examples and Observations of Definition #2 Oh, my goodness! Oh,  my gracious! Oh, my  golly! What a narrow escape! What a near miss! What good fortune for our friends! (Roald Dahl,  Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, 1972)Holy mackerel.  Youre Aaron Maguires son? Good grief.  Good heavens. Your familys practically a dynasty in South Bend. Everybody knows theyre wallowing in money. (Jennifer Greene, Blame It on Paris. HQN, 2012)His arms give way and he crumples onto the grass, shrieking and laughing and rolling down the hill. But he lands on a stiff little thorn branch.  Shit bugger  bloody,  shit bugger  bloody. (Mark Haddon, The Red House. Vintage, 2012) Expletive Deleted (1) Originally, an expression used to fill out a line of verse or a sentence, without adding anything to the sense. (2) An interjected word, especially an oath or a swearword. At the time of the Watergate hearings in the U.S. in the 1970s, during the presidency of Richard Nixon, the phrase expletive deleted occurred frequently in the transcript of the White House tapes. The connection between original and derived meaning is caught in the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (1987), explaining the expletive use of f-ing as an adjective in I got my f-ing foot caught in the f-ing door: it is used as an almost meaningless addition to speech. Here, it is meaningless at the level of ideas but hardly at the level of emotion. (R. F. Ilson, Expletive. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford University Press, 1992) Infixes The places where expletives may be inserted, as a matter of emphasis, are closely related to (but not necessarily identical to) the places where a speaker may pause.  Expletives are  normally positioned at word boundaries (at positions which are the boundary for  grammatical  word and also for phonological word). But there are exceptions- for instance the sergeant-majors protest that I wont have no more insu blood ordination from you lot or such things as Cindy bloody rella . . .. McCarthy (1982) shows that expletives may only be positioned immediately before a stressed  syllable. What was one unit now becomes two phonological words (and the expletive is a further word).(R.M.W. Dixon and Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, Words: A Typological Framework. Word: A Cross-Linguistic Typology, ed. by  Dixon and Aikhenvald. Cambridge University Press, 2003)

Governmental Market Intervention Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Governmental Market Intervention - Research Paper Example The first of these which will be discussed is that of those individuals and economists that believe that any level of governmental market intervention is a net negative to the economic efficiency. This particular approach relies heavily upon the concept of deadweight loss and the loss of corresponding efficiency that is lost when the natural dynamics of supply and demand are changed according to governmental regulation/intervention. This deadweight loss represents an ultimately loss of efficiency which in turn reduces the total rewards that both the supplier and his/her component parts as well as the consumers will be able to experience within the given situation (Grawe, 2007). One of the most prominent economists that espoused such a point of view is of course Adam Smith; considered by many to be one of the most important figures in establishing a modern understanding of economics. The strength of this particular approach is the fact that it is verifiable on even the most basic of s upply and demand curves. Conversely, the greatest weakness that such an approach exhibits is the fact that it is wholly unable to account for the needs of economically at risk individuals and families that could be operating upon the very margin of society at any given time.Conversely, those that believe that government intervention can represent a net positive for the economy and society espouse the belief that the a certain degree the price ceilings and/or minimum wages that the government can regulate. The basic evidence that those who espouse such a point of view point to is the fact that it is able to regulate an otherwise cut throat environment and more appropriately bring it in line with the needs of a society that cannot be understood by simple representation of supply and demand curves (Popp et al, 2011). One of the most advocates of this particular school of thought is John Maynard Keynes; the founder of the Keynesian school of economics which has dominated the nation†™s understanding of economic concepts for over the past half century. The disadvantage of such a system is the fact that the loss of efficiency to both parties is measurable to even the most basic of economists (Pinotti, 2011). Conversely, one of the most powerful benefits of such an approach is the fact that it is one of the only economic interpretations that seeks to provide a level of social understanding to the hard and â€Å"dismal science† of providing for unlimited wants with limited resources (Boettke, 2012). Although there is probably no absolutely right or wrong approach as a function of the two which have thus far been elaborated upon,

Critically analyse the recommendations for hydration during endurance Literature review

Critically analyse the recommendations for hydration during endurance events and discuss the role of sports drinks in relationship to health and performance - Literature review Example The ability of the athletes to keep their body temperatures within some given boundaries even when temperatures surrounding them are very different is known as thermoregulation (Snell et al., 2010). If the body of the human body fails to maintain the average temperatures at any given time and the temperatures rise above the standard rates, the result is a condition known as hyperthermia (Geesmann, Mester and Koehler, 2014). The condition usually happens when the human body is exposed to constant temperatures of 55 degrees Celsius. The opposite of hyperthermia is hypothermia and it occurs when the body is exposed to low temperatures for an extended period. It is very fortunate that sports science has gone a step ahead to find out the ways that regular ingestion of fluids is important for the performances of the athletes. During the actual sporting activities, hypohydration tends to impair the ability of the body to regulate heat that leads to increased heartbeat rates and body temperatures. The exertion that is perceived increases making the athlete to experience more fatigue than in normal situations (Cox et al., 2006). The requirements of fluids by individual athletes vary between exercise situations and the loss of fluids is affected by genetics of the athlete, the body size and fitness. In addition, the environment and exercise intensity where the exercise is being carried out affect the loss of water from the athlete’s body. It is natural for sweat loss to increase as the exercise intensity increases (Cox et al., 2006). The functioning of the athlete’s mental capability is lowered during this period and it normally leads to negative implications for motor control, concentration and decision-making. There is also slowed gastric emptying that leads to stomach discomforts. The effects sated always lead to the impairment of the exercise performance (Wilson et al., 2006). Hypo hydration affects almost all the types of exercises

Independent study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Independent study - Essay Example In today’s intensely competitive business environment, the competitive advantage lies in how successful an organisation is in linking its strategic intent and direction to its overall operations. In order to steer an organisation in its intended direction and be successful in achieving its overall objectives, correct evaluation of organisational performance is critical. Evaluating organisational performance not only provides an assessment of the current situation but also provides information for corrective action if the performance is deviating from desired levels. However the effectiveness of performance evaluation depends on whether the right things have been evaluated. If a company has focused on evaluating the wrong aspects or neglected evaluating key aspects, which has significant implications on its performance, then results from the evaluation process will not be complete. The intention of this independent study is to gain valuable first hand insight in to how theoreti cal knowledge on management practices can be applied in practical settings. Balanced Score Card concept being a fairly recent management concept holds vocational value for the future career purposes, as it is set within the background of strategic management.

To Spy Or Not To Spy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

To Spy Or Not To Spy - Essay Example The CEO advocates for the spyware software because he thinks it will enable the management to monitor all the activities of the employees while at work, and in turn, improve their productivity and efficiency while discharging their duties and responsibilities. However, the other members of the management and board are against this move because it is an outright proof to the employees that the management does not have any trust and confidence in their work. As such, there are fears that this move will reduce the output of employees rather than improving it as even the employees are against the infringement of their privacy through unnecessary spying by the management while at work. They rather advocate for evaluation and appraisal of the output of employees as opposed to their production process as the latter affects their productivity. The management comes to an agreement to reduce the scope of monitoring and spying on employees while at work. This at least brings about some form of understanding between the members of the board of directors and executive management. In addition, this move instills more confidence among the employees who feel that the organization trusts them a little more by not monitoring all the moves and activities that they undertake while at their workplace The reason why the management and the board of directors settled on the second option of reducing the rate of spying the employees was majorly that this agreement would bring about some form of understanding between the top decision makers of the company. If the CEO were to go ahead and implement his proposition against the wills and desires of the other members of the board and management team, he would receive maximum resistance, which in turn would erode the desired effects of the planned move. In addition, this would also create tension within the institution, which is not good for the normal operations of the company to ensure maximum productivity.

What exactly is Platos ideal of the philosophical or examined life Essay

What exactly is Platos ideal of the philosophical or examined life What does such a life entail Is it of any practical relevance for contemporary individuals - Essay Example Plato offers these musings via a number of dialogues and it has been said that some of his views were actually those of Socrates – his teacher which can be a safe assumption to make as many individuals are influenced by their mentors in their on works. Plato’s ideal of the physical life had one main theme in particular that recurred in may of his dialogues concerning the true nature of objects in existence and what an individual’s perception of this truth may be. He argues that what can be seen is not the exact reality and thus it can be stated that those who only use the sense of their surroundings to establish reality are off the mark and are only left with a vague idea of what the real truth is. Plato argues that something does not have to be tangible or visible for it to be real and those who believe so have in effect limited themselves from gaining the real truth (Plato 50). This concept is promoted in a number of his dialogues and is can be clearly seen in his allegory of the cave. In this analogy, Plato argues that the world that can not be seen is the realest of them all and likens those whose belief is governed by what they can see in their surroundings to people who are living in a cave. The people living in the cave are only able to see shadows that are caused by the real objects but since this is all that they have known their whole life, they perceive these shadows to be the true forms of the objects and thus are blinded from seeing the reality of the situation. Plato then goes on describe one who gains enlightenment as a person who leaves the cave and for the first time sees the objects that have been the cause of the shadows that others have perceived to be the real thing thus breaking the shackles of ignorance. This analogy promotes the essence of thinking outside the box instead of blindly accepting what is put before you as the gospel truth and reality of life (Plato

How can we make the roads safer for those who share the road with Thesis - 1

How can we make the roads safer for those who share the road with bicyclists - Thesis Example The roads must be safer for all those who share them with bicyclists. Every life is precious, that of the rider on the bicycle or the gentleman driving the car. An accident is an accident and we know that it is an accident only when it happens! Deaths and injuries from car-bike collisions are common. The blame game-the motorists claiming the exclusive rights on the road, and the cyclists demanding equal rights-- is no solution to the issue. For road fatalities, cyclists are not alone responsible. The reasons are varied. Carelessness of the adventurous rider, mechanical problems, and bad road conditions are some of them. The cyclists demand their right on the road along with safety. An individual must first live to exercise the right! It is not a posthumous award! The argument that if there is no bicycle lane, the road should be out of bound for the cyclists, may be technically correct, but it defies solution. The motorists need to give up the stand that they are born to race the car at 100-120 km per hour, from the moment it is out of the garage till the final destination, is a greedy and one-sided approach. Limit the speed and accommodate the bicycle riders, instead of going ballistic over them. While tendering the advice I would address the session for the bicyclists first and urge them to follow the rules scrupulously. It is not a circus performance. Never zigzag to challenge the oncoming cars. Self-discipline is the life-saver. Cyclists demand rights on a city road, and that underlines perfect regard for the traffic rules. The end-results should be a win-win situation for all. The argument of the motorists that they have the exclusive rights to use the roads, for which they pay tax in dollars, is not perfect. Cyclists too have paid taxes at the time of purchasing the bicycle (though indirectly) and they are citizens of the country subject to all

What exactly is Platos ideal of the philosophical or examined life Essay

What exactly is Platos ideal of the philosophical or examined life What does such a life entail Is it of any practical relevance for contemporary individuals - Essay Example Plato offers these musings via a number of dialogues and it has been said that some of his views were actually those of Socrates – his teacher which can be a safe assumption to make as many individuals are influenced by their mentors in their on works. Plato’s ideal of the physical life had one main theme in particular that recurred in may of his dialogues concerning the true nature of objects in existence and what an individual’s perception of this truth may be. He argues that what can be seen is not the exact reality and thus it can be stated that those who only use the sense of their surroundings to establish reality are off the mark and are only left with a vague idea of what the real truth is. Plato argues that something does not have to be tangible or visible for it to be real and those who believe so have in effect limited themselves from gaining the real truth (Plato 50). This concept is promoted in a number of his dialogues and is can be clearly seen in his allegory of the cave. In this analogy, Plato argues that the world that can not be seen is the realest of them all and likens those whose belief is governed by what they can see in their surroundings to people who are living in a cave. The people living in the cave are only able to see shadows that are caused by the real objects but since this is all that they have known their whole life, they perceive these shadows to be the true forms of the objects and thus are blinded from seeing the reality of the situation. Plato then goes on describe one who gains enlightenment as a person who leaves the cave and for the first time sees the objects that have been the cause of the shadows that others have perceived to be the real thing thus breaking the shackles of ignorance. This analogy promotes the essence of thinking outside the box instead of blindly accepting what is put before you as the gospel truth and reality of life (Plato

Different Methods of Cooking Essay Example for Free

Different Methods of Cooking Essay Introduction In cooking, there are Some basic methods of cooking That Are Used. Used commonly These basic cooking methods are Divided into two general groups. The groups are: Dry heat methods and Cookery Cookery Moist heat methods. The methods of cooking are Divided into two groups thes Because of the way food is cooked and the type of Heat That Is Used. Let us have a look at the Dry Heat Cookery Methods. Dry Heat Cookery Methods In dry heat cooking methods, the food cooked Being does not use water to cook the food. The food is left is dry and Applied heat to cook the food. Such methods of cooking are: baking, steaming, grilling, and roasting. When Heat Is Applied to the food, the food Cooks Its Own Juice in the water or added to food during the ITS Preparation evaporat during the Heating Process and the Cooks this food. Heat is Applied directly to the food by convection Thusis way of making the food to get cooked. The action or movement of air around the food, cook it. Let us now have to look at each of thes cooking methods Baking [pic] [pic] In baking method of cooking, the food is cooked Heating Using convection. The food is put into an Enclosed Area Where Is Then Applied heat and the movement of heat Within the confined space, the Act on food thata make it get cooked. Steaming To steam food, water is added to the pot and Then stand is placed inside the pot. Should the water level be under the stand and not abov it. There is in contact Between the food and the water That is added to the pot. Then food is placed on the stand and Heat Is Applied. The hot steam rising from the boiling water on the Food Act and the food gets cooked. It is the hot steam That Cooks the food, as there is in contact Between the food and the water inside the pot. This method of cooking for Vegetables is very good as the food does not Lose Its Flavour and much of the Nutrients are not lost during the cooking. Grilling There are two methods of grilling That are Used These Days. One type of grilling is The One That Is Used commonly by the people in the village. This is When food is cooked over hot Charcoal on an open fire. The food is placed on top of the Charcoal Burning. Sometimes people improvisations by Using wire mesh and place it over the open fire to grill fish or Vegetables. The Other Method That Is Using grills are inbuilt in Stove. In this method, the grill, whichis you have the tray, is heated up and the food is placed on the grill tray to cook. The Heat Can Be Gas-Electric-generated or generated depending on the type of Stove Used. The food is again left to cook on the grill with the grill of the doors open. People Who Can Afford to Buy a Stove would use the grilling part theire food to grill. What Happens in this type of cooking is the heat Seals Outside the part of the food and the juice inside the food Cooks it. The Flavour of the food is not lost and much of the Nutrients are not lost eith. Frequently food is pre Turned over to it from burning and to ensure thata Equal Heating and Cooking Time Is Applied to Both Sides of the food. By doing this, the food is cooked evenly and thoroughly. Roasting [pic] [pic] With roasting, direct heat is Applied to the food. The Heat Seals Outside the part of the food and the juice inside the food Cooks the food. Roasting is mainly fleshy Used When cooking food like fish, Meat or Chicken. When Heat Is Applied to the Outer Covering of the food, it thereby Seals Trapping it up all the juice inside the food. The direct action of Heating, heat up the juice inside the food, whichis Cooks Then the food. Again there is very little nutrient lost and the Flavour is not spoilt. Frequently food is Rotated so over the Spit That There Is Even Heating Applied to All Parts of the food. That this is so heat is evenly Applied to the food to make it get cooked properly. Moist Heat Methods Cookery Cookery In Moist heat methods, the liquid is Used to medium to cook the food. Such medium could be water, Coconut cream or oil. These liquid are added to the food befor Heat is Applied to it or Sometimes heat is Applied to the Liquid befor the food is added into the cooking utensils to be cooked. The Cookery Moist heat methods include: boiling, stewing, Shallow Frying, Deep Frying, barbequing and basting. All thes Moist heat cooking methods use liquid to cook the food in. Boiling This Is The Most Common Method of cooking and is the simplest Also. With this method of cooking, enough water is added to food and Then it is cooked over the fire. The action of the heated water Makes the food to get cooked. The liquid is usually thrown away after the food is cooked. In the Case of cooking rice, all the water is absorbed by the Grain Rice to make it get cooked. Heating During the process, the dog Nutrients get lost or Destroyed and the Flavour Can Be Reduced with this method of cooking. If you over cooked cabbage, all the Nutrients dog get lost. Stewing In the Process of Using the stewing cooking method, food is cooked Using a lot of liquid. Different Kinds Of Vegetables are chopped, diced or cubed and added to the pot. Sometimes pieces of Selected Meat, fish or chicken is chopped and Also added to the Stew. The liquid is thickened and Slightly stewed food is served in That Manner. This method is Also Used When Preparing Fruits That are going to be served as Desserts. Cooking With this method, Every food is cooked together at the same time in one pot. The Flavour, Colours, shapes and textures of the Different Vegetables That Are Used, stewing Makes a handy method of cooking. The only disadvantage is That Some of the Vegetables Might be overcooked and the nutrient content Thusis Becomes much less. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT Therefor the Vegetables That Longest to take the cook to be put into the pot and the First Ones That Need To Be Cooking least put in last. In this way much of the nutrient contents of the food does not get lost. Frying When food is fried Using oil or solid fat IT IS IMPORTANT THAT YOU Some observe rules in handling oil or fat. Simple rules to follow When Frying: 1. Make Sure there is enough oil or fat in the PUT or the Frying Pan Deep Frying Pan . 2. The food to be cooked must not have Dripping water from it. This is becaus When water comes into contact with hot oil or fat, You Will Have the oil sizzling and spitting out of the bread, whichis could burn your skin if you are Careful not. 3. Put the food into the hot oil carefully. Try not to make a big splash as the oil could burn your skin. 4. The oil of fat Should be heated to the temperature right befor putting food into the pan to be fried. If the food is put in When The oil or fat is not heated to the right temperature, the food Will Soak Up The Oil And You Will Have That food is all Oily or greasy. If the fat or oil is over heated, you WILL end up with Food That Is Burnt. Sometimes the food dough nuts Especially Will turn brown on the inside But the inside is uncooked dough. To cook food Frying Using the method, there are two Ways of doing it. There is the Shallow and the Deep Frying Frying Methods. Shallow Frying In Shallow Frying, food is cooked in a Frying pan with a little Amount of oil or fat. The oil or fat is heated to the correct Amount and the food is put into the heated oil. The food is Turned Over A Few minutes or is stirred around a couple of times befor it is cooked and Dished October If Patti, Coated or potato chips are fried foods, it is best to put a piece of brown paper napkin or paper inside the tray to Soak Up Any oil from the food befor serving it. Deep Frying When this is a lot of oil or fat is Used in cooking the food. The oil or fat is usually put into a deep pan and is heated to boiling point. Then food is put into the boiling hot oil and is cooked in That Way. Such food as fish fingers, potato chips, Meat balls, dough and nuts to name a Few, are cooked Using the Deep Frying Method. Barbequing [pic] [pic] The method of cooking food by barbequing is usually Associated with Fund Raising activities, parties or picnics. It is to suitabl Most cooking Meat cutlets, fish or chicken pieces. The food is usually marinated with Spices and tenderizers (for Meat Cuts) for sometime befor it is cooked. With this method of cooking, the sheet of metal is heated with stands up and oil is used to cook the food. The Amount of sufficient oil is heated up and food is added. Then the food is Turned Over a couple of times befor it is Dished October Basting This method of cooking is usually Associated with roasting. The Juice or Liquid That Comes Out of the Meat is cooked Being spooned over the roast while it is Frequently Being roasted. The outer part of the Meat is moistened Frequently during the cooking with the juice Process That Is Being spooned over. Usually, the extra juice from the cooked Meat is added to the mixture to make the Meat Sauce.

Governments Role In Conservation Of The Environment Environmental Sciences Essay

Governments Role In Conservation Of The Environment Environmental Sciences Essay Wide spread on climate change and global warming has been immensely forced the nations to the sustainable development. Environmental challenges in various bio diversity in balances has been wide spread more over the world. Improper Land Use Planning and Bio diversity in balances to the Conservation of Micro ecosystems is challenging to whole nations. Sri Lankan challenges however have been land degradation due to Soil Erosion, depletion of Coastal Resources, Waste Disposal, Loss of Biodiversity and Inland water Pollution, from where Sri Lanka is poor on waste disposal as a matter of priority. Some LAs, NGOs, the private sector have initiated waste treatment practices such as composting of waste at household level, recycling of waste materials, incineration and landfills. International conventions protocols treaties on environment has been keeping strength to conservation prevention of the environment. Role of government as the policy maker is crucial in the context of conservation prevention of the environment. In Sri Lanka post conflict era has been the Elysium for the sustainable development. Various naming programs authority bodies urge to impose policies practices on conservation prevention of the environment. While laws policies imposed, Sri Lankan government is boosted on all the blooming programs.. However common conflicts on human nature issues still and prevailing situation in most of the rural areas. Also government should consider on the international bodies come in the face of nature lover whether they have the genuine interest or other motives Most importantly, the government should be very careful whether it would affect the sovereignty of the country. Many more responsibilities to be taken and practices to be monitored by the Sri Lankan government to ensure conservation and protection of the environment. Introduction Environmental conservation is the maintenance of the habitat, or preservation of the environment. Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the environment, on individual, organizational or governmental level, for the benefit of the natural environment and (or) humans. Due to the pressures of population and our technology the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized and governments began placing restraints on activities that caused environmental degradation Global warming climate change is in a whistle blowing topic in the present world. By decades passed by all the high powering technological movement has vastly blind the human nature and the future resources remain in the world. While men stepping in to the moon by one hand on the other hand vastly destructing the natural environmental balance. Though all the regulation bodies trying to get into the one table to get on unite on the conservation protection of environment, some the main world hasnt been able to pull their genuine effort towards the reality, as an example British petroleum oil leakage is a significant moment where invaluable marine species has been polluted destroyed due to the oil leakage. Increasing human pressure on the environment increases the counteraction the quest for designation of more land and sea areas for protection. The boosting trend of designating more sites of protection has been noticed in the last years in the world. The area that could be designated as protected to balance the economic pressures is becoming scarce. Identified key challenges in this sector have been mainly broad down as follows. Environmental Challenges Today the challenges in this sector have been identified materialize in all ends through out the world. Therefore number of environmental threats challenges is on the air Improper Land Use Planning Inappropriate planning of usage of Land Depreciation of Forest Cover (Deforestation) Reduction of remaining forests Land Deprivation ( Soil Erosion, River Sedimentation; Desertification,) Insufficiency of Drinking Water to the humans Environmental Pollution (Air, Water Soil ) Loss of Biodiversity ( Degradation and loss of Natural Habitats ) Ozone Layer Reduction Green House Gas Emission and Climate Change Natural Disasters and Earth Slides Lack of Responsibility towards Values Accounting of Environment Increasing risk to rare species Unsound Management of Natural Resources Unsustainable Development Activities (Unsuitable Agriculture Expansion and Settlements) Misuse of sea coral reef and inland earth mining. Uncontrolled Mining of Sand and other Minerals Spread of Alien/ insidious Species Introduction of Genetically Modified Organisms Hard, unsafe and Industrial Waste generation Health Hazards Related to Environment Pollution. Wildlife reduction In the context of the above unbeatable challenges human beings have been more more victims of the nature. As an example Tsunami 2004, damaged mostly South Asian countries. Therefore it should be the one and only challenge where all nations fight for. From from the Eighteenth century to the Twentieth globally known practices regulations have been imposed. International conventions, protocols treaties on environments have been powering bodies of this. International Conventions, Protocols Treaties on Environment Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (]971) Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Of Wild Fauna and Flora (1973) Convention on the conservation Of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS 1979) United Nations Convention on The Law Of the Sea Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985) Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer (1987) Basel Convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (1989) Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) United Nations Convention To Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought And / Or Desertification, particularly In Africa (1994) International Plant Protection Convention International Convention for the Preservation of Pollution of the Sea by Oil Convention on the Continental Shelf Convention on the high seas International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil pollution Damage International Convention Relating to intervention on the high seas in cases of oil pollutions casualties The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from the ships (MARPOL)- 1973 Bio safety Protocol ( Cartagena) Stockholm convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Key Challenges for Sri Lanka Land Deprivation Due to Soil Erosion Agriculture the major contributor to the Sri Lankan GDP is affected by the degradation of land due to soil. From the total lands usable Land area is about 31% only . Production based on Land to GDP has declined to 18% compared to 26% in 1978, due to expand action of the economy. Many agricultural practices of past and present have reduced the productive capacity of soil and land in the country. Some direct and indirect factors, that add to soil erosion, are : Traditional cultivation Methods ( Chena cultivation) Insecure land occupancy with alteration of cultivation methods also causes ruin of land because land is broken down to number of plots without considering the conservation measures. The increasing rate of clearing forestry cover. Some of the crops cultivation in the hill country such as potatoes, tobacco and vegetables has led to severe erosion. Fast developments on infrastructure. Reduction of Coastal Resources Sri Lankan beaches are blessed by coastal resources where ecological processes of both land and maritime environments become interlinked and are influenced by human activities. Minus impacts on the coastal resources include: Erosion of coastal area (about 1 meter per year) due to river daming, sand mining, collection of coral rubble and removal of coastal vegetation) Reduction of flood buffering capacity of mangroves, in lagoons. Removal f coral reefs as a result of human activities and increased sea temperature. Unplanned fishing practices. Infrastructure construction. Loss of Biodiversity Loss of biodiversity is due to several pressures arising from the following activities: Population increase and conversion to other land uses Removal of materials/species from the wild Competition between foreign species and native species Lack of understanding of scientific management Under-valuation of biodiversity Inequity in ownership, in balance distribution of benefits to community Legal and institutional systems that promote activities detrimental to biodiversity conservation Environmental interlinking system known as Bio diversity is mainly reduced due to ruining of natural eco system, loss of genetic species material. Waste Disposal Number one conflict in Sri Lanka is today the waste management. Especially urban areas are flooded with waste. Lack of management of the authorizing bodies and also the human behavior and attitude towards the waste disposal is very poor in main city limits. This risk has cause major health issues where number of people has been killed by dengue recent months. Although many talks waste disposal is not only a governments duty. Government can implement policies formalize but the governing agencies has to over see the practical situations. Community has a major responsibility towards the solid disposals. Risk arises in the area where hospitals industries located. Governing agencies has major issue on lack of resources to overcome tones of waste mountain management. On the other hand during the rainy days urban areas are flooded within seconds due to poor waste management methods block of drainage system. This also causes pollution of ground water and natural habitats. Major issue is f acilitating insect breeding such as mosquitoes Inland water Pollution Misuse of agro chemical fertilizers has polluted inland water ponds, reservoirs, streams and rivers. Sri Lanka is proud on having man made reservoirs where most international engineers are surprised by the ancient technology we owned. Development in the industrial sites urban areas has caused water pollution in many ways. Recent International Conventions, Protocols Treaties on Environment Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985) Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer (1987) Basel Convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (1989) Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) United Nations Convention To Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought And / Or Desertification, particularly In Africa (1994) International Plant Protection Convention International Convention for the Preservation of Pollution of the Sea by Oil Convention on the Continental Shelf Convention on the high seas International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil pollution Damage International Convention Relating to intervention on the high seas in cases of oil pollutions casualties The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from the ships (MARPOL)- 1973 Bio safety Protocol ( Cartagena) Stockholm convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Role of government By reasoning out the convention and protection of environmental issues it is the National governments who has important role in this context. Policy making to the powering agencies educating community many more activities lies on them.Internationaly most of the developing countries has imposed rules on clean environment. National government can impose rules policies while provincial authorities can practically implement the good environmental practices.International monitoring agencies also playing major role by funding environmentally sound projects. This has been the practice and it has been added to the accounting practices where feasibility reports are combine to a sustainability reporting. Environment protection is another important role where governments responsibility is to codify laws regarding pollution, convention and sustainable uses of natural resources. As the funding agent for low enforcement there role is immensely crucial. Though huge technical measures are been world spread on climate change global warming individual countries can contribute on their own to reduce the impact. Alternate energy generation projects are the new industrial practices which add numerous values to the enviromental issues. Now developing countries urge to buy carbon credits from poor countries where new economical intangible market has been created. This has lead to huge cash generation project, where timber plantation forestry cover of one acre would approximately generate US dollars 1000/ per year or so. Therefore ultimate governance lies on global interconnection of the countries. Developing risk management strategies are the other responsibility to a government where major natural disasters can be overcome by minimum damage to the community. Earth slides, floods, volcanoes, hurricanes other natural disasters can be estimated by professional bodies and necessary steps could be undertaken. As an example taking hurricanes : the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) The strongest hurricanes in the present climate may be upstaged by even more intense hurricanes over the next century as the earths climate is warmed by increasing levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.USA is harshly criticized by the nations on emission of green house gases in the atmosphere. Common example is USA failed to respond to the Katrina Hurricane wrought on New Orleans: poor management plan for the natural disaster also illustrates the risk management strategies are very poor. Considering Sri Lanka though there were many issues facing and transforming after Tsunami disaster is some what appealing to the western world. By proper strategies imposed on natural disaster Sri Lanka too can win this unbeatable challenges within few years. Though we are blessed with the tropical climate our responsibility towards the environment is not linear. As an example compare to other countries we have comprehensive legal system on coastal zone management laws alone, to safe guard coastal resources. But the appreciable improvement has not bought due to lack of political will on taking effective mechanisms required for implementing and monitoring such laws. Sustainable Way Forward On the challenges Sri Lanks is facing through out there have been various community programs social activities going forward. While been a friend to the environment nation can be build in economically viable too. In the context of these ideas following programs has been imposed by the ministry of Environment. Pilisaru Waste Management programme Piyakaru Purawara Green Cities Programme Ran Derana Programme Gaja Mithuro Programme Wana Senasuna Programme Haritha Gammana Eco Village Programme Jeewa Jawaya Programme Dewa Jawaya Programme Haritha Niyamu Programme Hela Thuru Viyana Programme Major Policies Developed by the Ministry While urging towards the programs Sri Lankan government has imposed practical national policies aiming sustainability National Environment Policy 2003 This aims to promote sound management of Sri Lankas environment balancing the needs for social and economic development and environment reliability. It also aims to manage the environment by combining together the activities, interests and perspectives of stakeholders and to assure environmental accountability. National Forestry Policy 1995 This gives the clear direction to protect remaining natural forests of the country in order to conserve biodiversity, soil and water resources. The forests under the law enforcement of the Forest Department is being reclassified and placed under four management systems ranging from strict conservation, non-extractive use, management of multiple use forests for sustainable production of wood and management of forests with community participation. The National Policy on Wild Life Conservation 2000 The policy urge the commitment of the government to conserve wildlife resources through promoting conservation, maintaining ecological processes and life sustaining systems, managing genetic diversity and ensuring sustainable utilization and sharing of equitable benefits arising from biodiversity. It emphasis the need for effective protected area management with the participation of local communities. National Air Quality Management Policy 2000 The purpose of this policy is to maintain good air quality to reduce morbidity due to air pollution and in turn reduce national health expenditures. National Watershed Management Policy 2004 Policy aims to conserve, protect, rehabilitate, sustainably use and man ­age the watersheds while managing their environment characteristics with the involvement of people. Cleaner Production Policy 2004 The objective of this policy is to incorporate the cleaner production concept and practices into all development sectors of the country. To implement the policy sectoral policies were developed for health and tourism in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Tourism. National Biosafety Policy 2005 The policy on biosafety set the overall framework in which adequate safety measures will be developed and put into force to minimize possible risks to human health and the environment while extracting maximum benifits from any potential that modern bio technology may offer. National Air Quality Management Policy 2000 The purpose of this policy is to maintain good air quality to reduce morbidity due to air pollution and in turn reduce national health expenditures. National Policy on Wetlands 2005 This policy seeks to give effect to National Environment Policy and other relevant national policies, while respecting national commitments towards relevant international conventions, protocols, treaties and agreements to which Sri Lanka is a party. National Policy on Sand as a Resource for the Construction Industry 2006 This policy statement reflects Sri Lankas constitutional, international and national obligations, including the Mines and Minerals Act No. 33 of 1992, the National Environmental Act of 1980, the Coast Conservation Act of 1981 and other relevant legislation, regulations and policy statements. This dignifies the effectively manage sand resource on the construction and keeping a better reserve for future generations. National Policy on Elephant Conservation 2006 Widely knowing conflict of elephants enforced the government to implement this policy. This natural creature interconnected with Sri Lankas history, culture, religions, and even politics that it would be difficult to imagine the island without it. Therefore the present policy was developed to ensure the long-term survival of the elephant in the wild in Sri Lanka through the easing of the human-elephant conflict. National Policy on Solid Waste Management To handle the serious issue of solid waste management ministry recognized the need for a national approach to handle this. Therefore National policy on Solid Waste Management has been prepared to ensure economically feasible environmentally sound solid waste management for the country through provincial and local authorities. This policy focuses on areas to ensure environmental accountability and social responsibility of all waste generators, waste managers and service providers, to actively involve individuals and all institutions for sound solid waste management practices, to maximize resource recovery with a view to minimize the amount of waste for disposal and to minimize adverse environmental impacts due to waste disposal to ensure health and well being of the people and on ecosystems. Sri Lankan Implementing Agencies Department of Forest Conservation The Forest Department (FD) was established in 1887. Over the years many initiatives have been taken to minimize the rate of deforestation by effective application of the provisions in the Forest Ordinance. Department of Wildlife Conservation The Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWLC) was established in 1949 and entrusted with the overall conservation of fauna and flora of the country and the maintenance of its diversity. Central Environmental Authority The Central Environmental Authority (CEA) was established in August 1981 under the provisions of the National Environmental Act No. 47 of 1980, which was later amended in 1988 and 2000. Marine Pollution Prevention Authority Marine Pollution Prevention Authority contribute to protect the marine environment from ship based and shore based maritime related activity, to comply with International and national obligations by promulgation of laws and regulations. Geological Survey and Mines Bureau (GSMB) Geological Survey and Mines Bureau (GSMB) was established in 1993. It is mainly involved in promoting the conservation and management of the mineral resources of the country. It seeks to ensure that the mineral potential is realized for the benefit of the country and the minerals are extracted in an efficient, safe and environmentally sound way. State Timber Corporation The State Timber Corporation was incorporated in 1968 under the provisions of State Industrial Corporation Act No. 49 of 1957 for the purpose of extracting timber from the forests, conversion of such timber into sawn timber and finished products, sale of logs, construction of forest roads, operation of timber and firewood sales depots, and manufacture and marketing of any by-products from timber. Sri Lanka Wildlife Trust (WT) The Wildlife Trust of Sri Lanka (WT) is registered as a charitable Trust, in 1991 under the Trust Ordinance No. 1552 and the Code of Intellectual Property Act No. 52 of 1979. Conclusion While laws policies imposed, Sri Lankan government is boosted on all the blooming programs. However common conflicts on human nature issues still and prevailing situation in most of the rural areas. What we can think after all the authorites acts imposed? Some of the other issues created by the Convention Protection of Natural forests in Sri Lanka due to poor fund requirements. Therefore government should please the international bodies agencies to gain aid for the environmentally sound projects. Normally it is a norm that Sri Lankan government will not enforce forest conservation if it didnt come under a condition of a grant. But Non government agencies also impact some of our natural genetic resources by way of many projects developments. Some countries are strict on most of there genetic materials and keep the biodiversity sites under military support. As an example The killing of two Indonesian tribals who tried to enter to COMODO National Park is a popular story to show how they treat the people in biologically valuable sites. But some of the their approach of removing people from the forest and buffer zones are not an applicable option for Sri Lanka. In they recent past it has been noticeable while the laws regulations there people will act on the same manner where there need filled. Governement t therefore can be a practical partner in all ends take part on the conservation protection the environment where immensely keep pressure on the authoriting agencies to inject the attitude to the people. As a country we have to have policies and laws to protect the alienation of forest resources to stop pirating the genetic material, plant serum, plant species or the traditional knowledge. Therefore government should ensure above main objectives before entering into any agreement. Sri Lanka has many more way towards a clean nation. By overcoming spreading challenges on environments Sri Lanka is no sooner be the South Asian Miracle.

Meaningful and Sentimental Best Man Speech -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Sp

Meaningful and Sentimental Best Man Speech Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. I would like to echo the groom's sentiments and mention that all the bridesmaids look truly beautiful, indeed. Also, I'd like to say that the bride looks absolutely stunning today, as for the groom he just looks stunned. I am on a strict time limit from the bride, so the more you laugh at my jokes, the quicker my speech will be. It is beautiful to see so many loving family members and friends here to share in this occasion, especially those who have traveled some distances to be here with us today. For those of you who don't know me, I have been a friend of the groom's for seven years. He has many special friends, and haying the privilege of being chosen as his best man, from such esteemed company, is an honor the likes of which I have never had bestowed upon me. I like to think that my selection as one of the best men is not really because your other friend canceled on you, but because I am one of the few people in the room and indeed alive that has actually seen you hit a homerun. To be called a best man on a day like this is somewhat of a paradox. For today belongs to only one man, and that's you. No matter the size and liberality of the thoughts and tokens provided to you today you have already attained the greatest gift a man can wish for; the love of a woman as beautiful and caring as the bride. I have had the distinct pleasure of knowing, for a considerable portion of my life, both of them individually, before knowing them as a couple. The beautiful girl that every boy in our class was madly in love with and the boy from the baseball team, who I didn't like much at the time. Spending time with the two of them is like sl... ...honor and respect both and for himself and for those he loves. As is customary I should leave the groom with wise words, to help in your marriage. Since I am a bachelor, I have little experience to speak from, but I hope these help anyway: 1. Never go to bed angry; always stay up and argue. 2. Always remember those three little words that are so important in a marriage: "You're right dear.? 3. Lastly, under no circumstances will you swear at our wife, if there are ladies present. Searching around to find a pertinent closing thought, all were overshadowed by the validity of the following: " You don't marry someone because you can live with them, you marry them because you simply cannot live without them." Ladies and gentlemen, if you could all be upstanding, and join me in a toast: To the two people who are so dear in all our hearts, the bride and groom.

Space Propulsion :: essays papers

Space Propulsion RESEARCH I/II LARRY PECAN FINAL REPORT 9-27-98 INTRODUCTION The following is a research project on Space Vehicle Propulsion. It shall consist of four sections, each discussing specific topics. Section One lays out the basic ideas of rocketry. Section Two compares Rocket Propulsion Systems, and shows the basis for the comparison. It also shows how each specific Rocket System works and Section Three gives a description of how Space Propulsion has evolved and contains a conclusion. SECTION 1 The Basics Section One is a brie description of the basic properties of Rocket Systems. It defines the key terms and shows how a basic rocket works. It also shows the State if The Art. I have chosen to do my project on space vehicle propulsion. Basically, this means that my research shall be based primarily on rocketry. Rocketry is a way of propulsion that has developed in numerous ways since it was first used to propel fireworks in the 16th century. It has emerged into an extremely complicated science that few actually understand. Most space rocketry in America is used in NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Association) space projects. NASA, a government association that focuses on space exploration, is the main user of rocket technology. It is used mostly to power their satellites and shuttles into space. Pushing an object that weighs as much as a space shuttle does directly vertical until escaping the Earth’s atmosphere requires a tremendous amount of power. This is why NASA uses rockets. Rockets are essentially the most powerful forms of propulsion there is today. Space Vehicle Propulsion is based rocket engines. The basic principle of rocket engine is that when fuel is burned in the engine, the reaction mass is expelled at high speeds. As a result of Newton’s law of action and reaction this pushes the vehicle in the opposite direction of the one in which the reaction mass is moving. Thrust is the force that the engine exerts on all space behind it in order to â€Å"push† the vehicle forward. Efficiency is the way that the quality of rocket engines is measured by. It is measured by the time it takes for one kilogram of propellant to create one kilogram of thrust. The goal of my research is to find out what makes these engines more efficient. In rocketry, the state of the art is extremely hard to define, since there are so many different forms of rocketry ranging from liquid propellant rockets to fireworks.

Close to the water’s edge Essay

When people are at a point in their life where they have to make important decisions that will form their future and identity, it is said that they are standing at a crossroad. Choosing a path can often be difficult because there are so many different ones to choose, and it only gets harder when somebody tries to influence you, such as maybe your parents. Parents always want the best for their children, but do they always know what the best is? Probably not. This is also the case in Close to the Water’s Edge, where the main character is struggling to find his own way in life while his mother is trying to force him to choose a future to her liking. Close to the Water’s edge is a fictional short story by Claire Keegan and it deals with many different themes such as identity development, oppression, social inheritance, money and love. It is told by a limited omniscient 3. person narrator. The limited omniscient narrator’s effect on the story is that it becomes a muc h more serious story because we only focus on his deep and almost melodramatic thoughts of life. Had we for example heard the stepfather’s thoughts he would probably have told us that the main character is just a spoiled little boy or something similar, but this is not the impression the author wishes to give us, she wants us to see the story from the main characters point-of-view so we’ll se the moral of the story. The language used in the short story is quite sophisticated and the grammar is mostly correct. There is no great use of slang or abbreviations, which is the same with the language used by the characters- an indication of a high class family. The story takes off in medias res as we’re not introduced to the main character but are thrown into a sequence where he is out on the balcony. The structure of the story jumps between the present and the past, as we’re given a flashback to when his grandmother went to the ocean with his grandfather, and then the story leaps back into real time when the family is eating at the restaurant Leonardoâ€℠¢s. Leonardo’s is a very fancy seafood restaurant by the bay, like every other setting we are taken to in the story. The stepfather is a millionaire so the general setting is very luxurious, like the fancy restaurant, the penthouse on the beach, and the references to Harvard University at which the main character is a student. It is made clear by setting that the family is very high class people, though some of them still have bad manners. The stepfather is a static  character, very rich, very arrogant, cruel and insensitive. He is also the antagonist of the story, and keeps picking on the boy for being gay by throwing degrading verbal punches at him: â€Å"Did you hear about this guy Clinton? Says if he’s elected president he’s going to let queers into the military† he says, â€Å"what do you think if that, Harvard?† (p. 3 l. 88-90). â€Å"Even so. The best and the brightest. How come you never bring a girl down?† (p. 4 l. 123 – 124). And the stepfather has arranged for the cooks to bring his stepson an embarrassing bright pink cake, like the one you giv e a girl for her first birthday (p. 4 l. 133-134). The mother is a beautiful hot tempered woman, a bit superficial and wears expensive clothes and lots of make-up. She is also a static character, we know she is supposed to represent the trophy woman whose only job is to look well. The main character is also our protagonist, a very sensitive, polite and intelligent young man, who feels crippled because of his parents of whom neither will accept him for how he really is: gay, and with no ambition of wealth (p. 1 l. 4-7). As stated earlier on, the main character is at a crossroad in his life where he has to make some big decisions, but he is not free do to so in the beginning, because of his mothers fierce attempts at pressuring him into choosing her lifestyle. In the first part of the story the boy is out on the balcony when his mother comes out to him and ties an â€Å"unnecessarily tight bow† (p. 3 l. 70). This bow is a symbol of how she is holding on to him, pressuring him. This thesis is supported by this quotation from the mother:† You play your cards right and this could all be yours someday. He’s god no kids. You wonder why I married him, but I was thinking of you all along†(p. 3 l. 76.78). But then later on he walks down to the beach and starts thinking about his grandmother, from whom we guess that he has been given the different outlook on life than the one his mother holds â€Å"the woman who embraced him to tightly she bruised him† (p. 5 l. 161). He thinks about how she lived a life of regret because she never stood up to her husband, and he realizes that that is not the way he wants to live. He wants to free himself of his parents- he loosens the knot around his neck as a symbol of losing their controlling grasp on him. He feels almost as if he had been dipped in his parent’s presence in a liquid form and is now all dirty, so he takes his clothes off, and swims in the sea as a symbol of rebirth. His grandmother never jumped into the water because she was afraid of how deep the water  was, but he jumps in, because he realizes that life is about taking chances and you will regret it if you fail to. The main character still doesn’t know what will happen if he stands up to his parents or tells the world that he is gay, but that is a part of life- it involves risks. The title is also the moral in the story; a way of saying that you have to make your own decisions. The main character is close to the water’s edge on the beach, and now he has to make a choice of either jumping in and taking a chance with his life, or staying on solid ground well knowing how the rest of his life will turn out.